1. RNA and Transcription

2. Ribonucleic Acid Single nucleotide strand Sugar: Ribose 4 Bases:
A: Adenine
G: Guanine
C: Cytosine
U: Uracil
U replaces T
Three Types of RNA

3. Messenger RNA
mRNA
Function: Copies the DNA code and moves to a ribosome
Allows ribosome to create a protein
Location: Starts in nucleus… moves to ribosome

4. Transfer RNA
Amino acid
Proline
Amino acid
Serine
tRNA
Function: Transfers amino acids from the cytoplasm to the ribosome
Ribosome will link amino acids together to form a protein
Location: Cytoplasm

5. Ribosomal RNA
rRNA
Function: components of ribosomes

6. Transcription U| C| A| A| U| C| A| U| U| C| G| G| G|
Defined: Process of making mRNA from DNA
Step 1: RNA Polymerase separates the DNA helix
Step 2: Free floating RNA nucleotides match with the DNA
Reminder: U replaces T
Step 3: mRNA breaks free in separate pieces
Step 4: mRNA processing takes place
Unused portions (introns) are removed and the used portions (exons) bond together
Step 5: Final mRNA strand travels to ribosome
Step 6: DNA recombines to be used again C| A| A| G| U| C| A| U| U| C|

7. Step 5 & 6: mRNA travels to ribosome and DNA reconnects
Step 2: Free floating mRNA
nucleotides match up
Step 4: mRNA Processing (exons bond together)
Step 1: RNA polymerase splits the DNA
Step 3: mRNA breaks free in separate pieces
RNA
polymerase

8. Transcription Animation

9. Transcription Video

10. DNA vs. RNA Double Stranded Sugar: Deoxyribose Bases: A T C G
Location: Nucleus
Single strand
Sugar: Ribose
Bases: A U C G
Location: Nucleus & Cytoplasm

11. review Name three different ways that DNA and RNA differ. Which RNA:
is found inside the nucleus?
transports amino acids to the ribosome?
exits the nucleus to the ribosome?
copies the DNA code?
makes up the structure of ribosomes?
Perform transcription by using the following piece of DNA. Introns are underlined. Write the final strand of mRNA created.
T A C C G T A C A A T G G G A T C