1. Jeopardy Topic 1 Topic 2 Topic 3 Topic 4 Topic 5 6 pts 6 pts 6 pts

2. 1 – 6 pts
1. Chemical reactions are either catabolic (catabolism) or anabolic (anabolism). What do these terms mean?
Catabolism – breaking apart.
Anabolic - building (synthesis)

3. 1 – 7pts Define what the activation energy of a chemical reaction is.
The Energy needed to be added to start a chemical reaction.

4. 1 – 8 pts
Enzymes are proteins that are catalysts that catalyze chemical reactions. What does this mean?
It lowers the activations energy so that chemical reactions happen faster.

5. 1 – 9 pts What is a substrate?
The compound or molecule that the enzymes fits into and changes.

6. 1 – 10 pts
Enzymes and their rate of action is affected by temperature. Describe what the following graph tells us about this factor in humans.
Enzymes work fastest at around 98.6 F or 37 C.

7. 2 – 6 pts
Chemical reactions can go in both directions. How can a plant cell keep photosynthesis going towards the right direction instead of the left direction.
Add more substrates CO2 and H20
Or remove many glucose by changing it into starch

8. 2 – 7 pts
The spot on the enzymes where it locks into the substrate is known as the :
Active site.

9. 2 – 8 pts
When an substrate lands on the active site, the active site changes it’s shape to better fit the substrate. What is this called?
The Induced Fit Model.

10. 2 – 9 pts
Sometimes an enzyme needs assistance in fitting onto a substrate. These are called cofactors. Describe how cofactors called coenzymes differ from ones like Fe (iron) and Mg (magnesium)?
Coenzymes are organic compounds like
vitamin - B, but Fe and Mg are inorganic minerals.

11. 2 – 10 pts
When cofactors like coenzymes or inorganic minerals land on a different binding site than the active site used by the substrate, the is known as:
Allosteric

12. 3 – 6 pts
Describe the difference between an allosteric activator and an allosteric inhibitor.
Allosteric activators change the shape of the enzyme to fit a substrate. Allosteric inhibitors change the enzymes shape to block substrates.

13. 3 – 7 pts
In what situation would there be competitive inhibition of an enzyme by a certain substance
If that substance fits the active site and prevents the substrate from landing.

14. 3 – 8 pts
In what situation would there be non – competitive inhibition by a substance.
When that substance lands on an allosteric site and changes the shape of the enzymes active site.

15. 3 – 9 pts
Describe the following concept of Feedback Inhibition involving enzymes and products A,B,C and D..
The last product D fits into an earlier enzyme and inhibits it.

16. 3 – 10 pts What is Enzyme cooperativity?
When an enzyme can bind to multiple substrates. The first induced fit will cause the other active to become more receptive ( opens up).

17. 4 – 6 pts Enzymes are also affected by pH levels. What is Ph?
It’s an acid- base (alkaline) scale.

18. 4 – 7 pts
According to the graph and your knowledge of the acid base scale, describe where the protein enzyme Pepsin must be located in the body.
It must be an enzyme in the stomach , a very strong acid.

19. 4 – 8 pts
When our body temperature gets too hot near 105 F, our enzymes quaternary shape changes. This is known as :
Denaturing

20. 4 – 9 pts
When the body temperature decreases past a certain point, one can died. Why do enzymes start to lose their function?
At that lower body temperature, molecules of enzyme and substrates are moving too slowly to randomly bump into each other.

21. 4 – 10 pts
Describe how substrate level phosphorylation helped produce this important molecule necessary for survival.
- An enzyme combined ADP to another PO4 (phosphate) turning it into adenosine try phosphate.

22. 5 – 6 pts
The Sum of all the chemical changes that occur in your body is known as:
Metabolism.

23. 5 – 7 pts
Why is cyanide (CN) such a dangerous inhibitor competitive inhibitor of respiratory enzymes in cells?
It forms a permanent (covalent) bond with the active site of respiratory enzymes.

24. 5 – 8 pts
Water’s high specific heat allows our body temperatures to not rise to drastically even in hot days.
Specific heat is how much heat a substance can absorb before increasing 1 degree Celcius in temperature. Water can absorb a high amount of heat.

25. 5 – 10 pts
Smoking and pesticides cause compounds with missing electrons called ___________that can interrupt DNA enzymes.
Free radicals

26. 5 – 9 pts
What compounds in our food can replace these missing electrons in free radicals to prevent DNA mutations (cancer).
Antioxidants.