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Published byMorgan Shannon Osborne Modified over 6 years ago
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Lower Limb Upper Limb Pelvis Femur Tibia, fibula Tarsals Digits
Metatarsals Phalanges Scapula Humerus Radius, ulna Carpals Digits Metacarpals Phalanges
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Tibia/fibula Tibia--big toe side Fibula--little toe side
(no pronation/supination)
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Ankle Talus--forms ankle joint Calcaneus--forms heel
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Foot Function: Tarsals Metatarsals Phalanges Support weight
Act as lever when walking Tarsals Talus = ankle Between tibia + fibula Articulates w/both Calcaneus = heel Attachment for Calcaneal tendon Carries talus Metatarsals Homologous to metacarpals Phalanges Smaller,
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Joints of Lower Limb Hip (femur + acetabulum) Knee (femur + patella)
Ball + socket Multiaxial Synovial Knee (femur + patella) Gliding of patella Knee (femur + tibia) Hinge Biaxial
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Lower Limb Movements Hip Knee . Ankle Toes Flexion/extension
Abduction/adduction Lateral/medial rotation Knee Ankle Dorsiflexion/plantarflexion Inversion/eversion Toes .
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Female Male Cavity is broad, shallow Pelvic inlet oval + outlet round
Bones are lighter, thinner Pubic angle larger Coccyx more flexible, straighter Ischial tuberosities shorter, more everted Cavity is narrow, deep Smaller inlet + outlet Bones heavier, thicker Pubic angle more acute Coccyx less flexible, more curved Ischial tuberosities longer, face more medially
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Posterior thigh (sciatic n.)
Hamstrings Biceps femoris Semimembranous Semitendinous
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Medial thigh (obturator n.)
Adductor muscles Gracilis Adductor Magnus Longus brevis
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Anterior Leg (deep fibular n.)
Extensors (dorsiflexors) Fibularis (peroneus) longus Extensor digitorum longus Extensor hallicus longus Tibialis anteriorus
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Lateral Leg (superficial fibular n.)
Fibularis brevis/longus
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Posterior Leg (tibial n.)
Flexors (plantarflexors) Gastrocs and soleus Flexor digitorum longus Flexor hallucus longus
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Surface Anatomy: Anterior Thigh + Leg
pg 792 Surface Anatomy: Anterior Thigh + Leg Palpate Patella Condyles of femur Femoral Triangle Sartorius (lateral) Adductor longus (medial) Inguinal ligament (superior) Femoral a + v, lymph nodes pg 785
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Surface Anatomy: Posterior Leg
Popliteal fossa Diamond-shape fossa behind knee Boundaries Biceps femoris (sup-lat) Semitendinosis + semimembranosis (sup-med) Gastrocnemius heads (inf) Contents Popliteal a + v Calcaneal (Achilles) tendon pg 793
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Blood supply to lower limb
Internal Iliac Cranial + Caudal Gluteals= gluteals Internal Pudendal = perineum, external genitalia Obturator = adductor muscles External Iliac Femoral = lower limb Deep femoral = adductors, hamstrings, quadriceps Popliteal (continuation of femoral) Geniculars = knee Anterior Tibial = ant. leg muscles, further branches to feet Posterior Tibial = flexor muscles, plantar arch, branches to toes
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