1. Women’s Suffrage Movement in Great Britain

2.
Began with Chartism
Little progress because of ineffective tactics
Parlor meetings
Petitions sent to Parliament
Politely questioned candidates

3. 1860-90 John Stuart Mill wrote, Subjection of Women
Resolution for woman suffrage presented in House of Commons
Isle of Man gave vote to women who owned property

4. Women’s Organizations
1897—National Union of Women’s Suffrage Societies (NUWSS) formed by local British societies
1903—Women’s Social and Political Union (WSPU)
Emmeline Pankhurst and her daughters
First goal—recruit more working class women

5. 1903 New methods Outdoor meetings
Interrupted government speakers at public gatherings and demanded their views
Campaigned against anti-suffrage candidates

6. 1903 New methods Marched in parades Organized & recorded membership
Sought support of working class women

7. October, 1905
Annie Kenney, an English working class suffragist became a leading figure in the Women's Social and Political Union.
She attracted attention in 1905 when she, and Christabel Pankhurst, were imprisoned for assaulting and heckling a member of Parliament.
This incident is credited with inaugurating a new phase in the struggle for women's suffrage in the UK, with the adoption of militant tactics.

8. June, 1908 WSPU began tactic of breaking windows
Broke windows of the Prime Minister’s house at 10 Downing Street
27 women sent to Holloway Prison

9. October, 1908
WSPU held demonstration and tried to enter House of Commons
24 women arrested, including Emmeline Pankhurst who received 3 months in prison

10. July, 1909
5 July 1909, the imprisoned suffragette Marion Wallace Dunlop went on hunger strike.
Sent to prison for posting quotes from the English Bill of Rights on the wall in the House of Commons.
She refused all food as a protest against not being recognized as a political prisoner (As a political prisoner she would be entitled certain privileges)
After three and a half days of fasting, she was released.
Other women adopted this strategy
The Prisoners began to be
force-fed

11. Force Feeding of the Suffragists
The most famous account of the force feeding was written by Sylvia Pankhurst:
“My gums, when they pried them open, were always sore and bleeding, with bits of loose, jagged flesh... sometimes the tube was coughed up three or four times before they finally got it down. Sometimes, but not often – I was generally too much agitated by then – I felt the tube go right down into the stomach; a sickening, terrifying sensation, especially when it reached the breast. My shoulders were bruised; my back ached during the night... Infinitely worse than the pain was the sense of degradation”

12. 1913
Cat and Mouse Act (Prisoner’s Temporary Discharge of Ill Health Act)
Women on hunger strikes
When ill, released
When recovered, rearrested to complete sentences

13. July, 1913
Suffragists tried to burn the houses of 2 government officials, including David Lloyd George
Burned cricket pavilions, racecourse stands and golf clubhouses
Some women quit because of escalating violence

14. Enters the National Gallery and Slashes the Rokeby Venus
March, 1914
Mary Richardson
Enters the National Gallery and Slashes the Rokeby Venus

15. By summer, 1914
Over 1,000 suffragists had been imprisoned for destroying property
Leading WSPU members:
Arrested
Ill
In exile

16. August, 1914 England declared war on Germany
NUWSS and WSPU suspended political activity until war ended
Helped war effort
Government released suffragists from prison
Emmeline Pankhurst called on unions to let women work in male-dominated industries

17. 1919
The Representation of the People Act granted women over 30 the right to vote, as long as they were married to or a member of Local Government Register

18. 1928
Equal Franchise Act
Voting rights for men and women were equalized

19. Purple, White, & Green

20. Appeal to Style