1. Welcome To
My Presentation

2. Mominur Rahman
Scientific Officer
Soil Microbiology Laboratory
Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute Joydebpur, Gazipur-1701

3. BIOCONTROL OF FOOT AND ROOT ROT DISEASE OF GRASSPEA (Lathyrus sativus) BY DUAL INOCULATION WITH RHIZOBIUM AND ARBUSCULAR MYCORRHIZA

4. INTRODUCTION
Foot and root rot is considered as an important and destructive disease of pulses in almost all legume-growing countries of the world.
Though this disease can be controlled by using chemical pesticide but it causes environmental pollution, health hazards, affects non target organisms and also is not economical. Hence, biological control agents can be used for green, safe and sustainable agriculture.
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi (AMF) are the major component of the rhizosphere of most of the plants and play a very important role as biocontrol agent and help in decreasing plant disease incidence (Akthar and Siddiqui, 2008).

5. OBJECTIVES
To investigate the potential of AM fungi alone and in combination with bioinoculants i.e. Rhizobium to find out the best combination on plant growth, and their biocontrol against grasspea foot and root rot caused by Sclerotium rolfsii.

6. MATERIALS AND METHODS
Table 1. Initial fertility status of the soil samples
Soil Properties
Texture pH OM
(%) Ca Mg K
meq 100 g-1
Result
Sandy clay loam
7.6
0.32
6.6
2.3
0.09
Crit. level -
2.0
0.5
0.12
Soil Properties
Total N
(%) P S B Cu Fe Mn Zn
µg g-1
Result
0.017 12 25
0.10
1.0 14
1.3
0.85
Crit. level - 10
0.20
0.2
4.0
0.60

7. Design : RCBD
Replication : 4 (Four)
Treatments : 8 (Eight)
Variety : BARI Khesari-1
Seed : 15 seeds/pot
Fertilizer dose : As per STB
Pathogen : Sclerotium rolfsii
Rhizobium strain : BARI RLs-10
AM inoculum : Soil based AM inoculum containing approximate 252 spores pot-1
Spore morphology, size, shape and peridium of spore, sporocarps colour, wall ornamentation, subtending hyphae and mode of attachment are considered for identification of spore.

8. Glomus fugianum
Glomus macrocarpum
Glomus warcuppi
Acaulospora foveata
Acaulospora denticulate
Gigaspora albida

9. Gigaspora rosea
Gigaspora spp
Glomus spp
Not identified
Not identified
Not identified
Fig. Different spore of Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi used for the experiment

10. TREATMENTS The eight treatments were: T1: Arbuscular mycorrhiza (AM)
T2: Rhizobium (R)
T3: AM+Rhizobium
T4: Sclerotium rolfsii
T5: Sclerotium rolfsii + AM
T6: Sclerotium rolfsii + Rhizobium
T7: Sclerotium rolfsii + AM + Rhizobium
T8: Control

11. RESULTS

12. Fig. Effect of inoculation of AMF, Rhizobium and Sclerotium rolfsii on germination (%) after 23 DAS of grasspea during and

13. Foot and root rot affected by Sclerotium rolfsii
AM+Rhizobium inoculated seedlings showed better performance

14. Photo: Effect of inoculation of AMF and Rhizobium at the time of flowering stage of grasspea

15. Fig. : Effect of inoculation of AMF, Rhizobium and Sclerotium rolfsii on seed yield of grasspea during and

16. Fig. : Effect of inoculation of AMF, Rhizobium and Sclerotium rolfsii on stover yield of grasspea during and

17. Photo: Effect of inoculation of AM and Rhizobium on nodule number in rhizosphere soils of grasspea

18. Fig.: Effect of dual inoculation of AMF and Rhizobium on root infection of grasspea during and

19. Fresh root
Mycelium
Mycelium
Mycelium
Fig. : Different mycorrhizal structure in the root cortex of Lathyrus sativus

20. Fig.: Effect of dual inoculation of AMF and Rhizobium on pre+post emergence foot and root rot disease% in grasspea during and

21. SUMMARY AND CONCLUSION
Dual inoculation increased germination (20% in and 23% in ), seed yield (52% in and 42% in ) and stover yield (13% in and 29% in ) compared to control. It reduced foot and root rot disease (48% in and 44% in ) compared to control. On the contrary, Sclerotium rolfsii + Rhizobium, Sclerotium rolfsii + AM, and Sclerotium rolfsii + AM + Rhizobium reduced 12-17%, 16-17% and 28-31% foot and root rot disease, respectively compared to only Sclerotium rolfsii trearment.
Therefore, use of these bio-control agents could be promoted as an active component of bio-intensive Integrated Disease Management Program (IDMP) under organic mode.

24. Scientific questions
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25. THANKS TO ALL

27. Figure : Phosphate uptake pathways : Phosphate (Pi) uptake by mycorrhizal plants and non-mycorrhizal plants

28. Fig. The benefits of plant-fungal symbiosis are stabilized by the constant of mutual nutrient supply
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29. Mycorrhizal association, showing the interactions between fungus, plant and soil
Diagrammatic representation showing role of Mycorrhizae as biocontrol and biofertilizers

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