1. Figure Legend: From: The natural statistics of blur
Journal of Vision. 2016;16(10):23. doi: /
Figure Legend:
Relationship between eye height and lower-field myopia in ground-dwelling animals. The change in best focus as a function of elevation is plotted as a function of the typical height of the eye above the ground. The change in best focus is diopters per degree of elevation. To compute these values, we found the best-fitting line to data on refraction as a function of elevation. Turtle: figure 3 in Henze et al. (2004); spherical equivalent measured in three animals at 19 eccentricities across 55° of elevation. One-week and 1-month chicken: figure 6 in Schaeffel et al. (1994); refractive state in three 1-week and six 1-month chickens; measured at two eccentricities across 80° of elevation. One-day, 6-week, and adult chicken: table 2 in Hodos and Erichsen (1990); refractive state in three 1-day, three 6-week, and three adult chickens; two eccentricities across 60°. Two-week and adult guinea pig: table 2 in Zeng et al. (2013); spherical equivalent measured in 18 eyes of 2-week-olds and 31 eyes of adults; two eccentricities across 60°. Quail: table 2 in Hodos and Erichsen (1990); refractive state in five adult quails; two eccentricities across 60°. Pigeon: figure 4 in Fitzke et al. (1985); refractive state measured in 72 eyes; numerous eccentricities across 130°. Figure 5.16 in García-Sánchez (2012); spherical equivalent measured in eight eyes at 13 eccentricities across 60° (averaged across three azimuths). Crane: table 2 in Hodos and Erichsen (1990); refractive state in four adult cranes; measured at two eccentricities across 60° of elevation. Horse: table 2 in Sivak and Allen (1975); refractive state measured in four eyes at three eccentricities across 60°. Human: figure 3 from Seidemann et al. (2002); spherical equivalent measured in 62 eyes at nine eccentricities across 55°. Table 2B in Ehsaei et al. (2011); refractive state in 36 emmetropic eyes; measured at seven eccentricities across 60°. Eye height was either provided in the reference on refraction or was estimated from sources on the Internet. The line represents the prediction of the image plane of best focus if it were conjugate with the ground (Equation 16).
Date of download: 11/11/2017
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