1. Cancer Control

2. What is cancer?
Cancer is a diverse range of diseases where abnormal cells grow rapidly and generally spread throughout the body in an uncontrolled manner. These cells can infect and destroy surrounding tissue and spread all over the body.
An estimated 124,910 new cases of cancer will be diagnosed in Australia this year, with the number set to rise to 150,000 by 2020.

3. Types of cancer
There are hundreds of different types of cancers that can affect our bodies. The most common cancers in Australia however, (excluding non-melanoma skin cancer) are prostate, colorectal (bowel), breast, melanoma and lung cancer. These cancers account for over 60% of all cancers diagnosed within Australia. Some other types of cancers include: Bladder cancer Leukaemia Bone cancer Liver cancer Brain & spinal cancer Lymphoma Eye cancer Mouth/nose/throat cancer Kidney cancer Stomach cancer

4. Most Common Cancers

5. Why it’s a National Health Priority Area
Cancer control was made a National Health Priority Area in 1996 because of its major impact on the Australian community.
It is the leading cause of death in Australia; counting for about 3 in 10 deaths, with 42,800 people dying from cancer in 2010 alone.

6. It’s contribution to the burden of disease
In 2012, cancer was estimated to be the leading cause of burden of disease in Australia, accounting for 19% of the total disease burden.
An estimated 551,300 disability adjusted life years (DALYs) in 2012 were accounted for in Australia due to cancer. From this, 457,000 were years lost due to premature death and 93,900 were years of healthy life lost due to disease, disability and injury.

7. Risk Factors Biological Determinants Behavioural Determinants
Social Determinants
Family history of cancers, such as breast cancer
Smoking (One in nine cancers, and one in five cancer deaths, are due to smoking)
Exposure to asbestos
A light complexion (fair hair, blue or green eyes, freckles)
Lack of physical activity & poor diet
Exposure to environmental tobacco smoke (second-hand smoke)
Growing older
Excessive alcohol consumption (3% of cancers are related to alcohol consumption)
Occupational exposure to UV rays
Certain hormones
Unprotected sex (increases chances of cervical cancer)
Air pollution
Hereditary factors
Sun exposure
Minimal access to health care services offering preventative screening
Family history of cancers, such as breast cancer

8. Quit
Quit aims to minimise the rate of lung cancer and heart disease and other cancers caused by the act of tobacco smoking. This is done by promotions on cigarette packets, billboards, TV ads and other mass media approaches as well as a quit line ( ) that gives you 24/7 support on the phone.
Quit Victoria began in A ministerial review of health promotion had identified tobacco as the number one health priority in Victoria. Quit was established by the Minister for Health and The Cancer Council Victoria.
In 1987 the Victorian Tobacco Act was passed. It introduced a levy on the wholesale sale of tobacco products.

9. SunSmart
SunSmart aims to minimise the human cost of skin cancer in Australia. This is done by influencing individuals lifestyles, behaviours and environments to ensure a balanced approach to UV exposure.
The iconic Slip Slop Slap that originated from this campaign expanded to Slip, Slop, Slap, Sleek & Slide.
The campaign is funded by The Victorian Health Promotion Foundation (VicHealth) and Cancer Council Victoria.
Since it’s initiation, rates of skin cancer in young people have decreased and continue to decline.

10. Sid’s Message

11. Direct, indirect and intangible costs
Cancer costs more than $3.8 billion in direct health system costs (7.2%)
Direct Costs (Individual)
Indirect Costs (Individual)
Intangible Costs (Individual)
Pharmaceutical expenses
Additional services that may be required, i.e. housekeeper
Pain and suffering
Treatment
Travel costs to treatment location
Loss of quality of life
Preventative medical care
Complete or partial loss of current/future earnings
Stress brought on from the cancer
Direct Costs (Community)
Indirect Costs (Community)
Intangible Costs (Community)
Cost of preventative strategies
Reduced productivity within the community whilst living with cancer
Emotional pain and suffering experienced by others

12. Bibliography
ncer/cancer_fs.asp
cancer/facts-and-figures.html
cancer/cancer-australia-statistics