1. The Reproductive System - Male

2. Overview

3. Describe the macroscopic and microscopic anatomy of the testes.
Testes descend into the scrotal sacs during the last 2 months of fetal development
Sterility is possible if they don’t descend (T° is 3° cooler & closely held when cold outside)

4. The sperm path Seminiferous tubule  epididymis  vas deferens 
bladder loop to empty into urethra 
3 glands add fluids 
ejaculation

5. Sagittal view of testis
Each testis is divided into lobules
Each lobule contains 1-3 seminiferous tubules

6. Lobules contain a network of ducts leading to efferent ductules

7. Tubular events
Each tubule is packed with cells undergoing spermatogenesis
Spermatogonia lie just inside of the outer wall of a tubule
Newly formed spermatogonia move away form the outer wall, grow  1° spermatocytes  meiosis II  spermatids  spermatozoa (sperm)
Sertoli cells (“nurse” cells support, nourish & regulate spermatogenic cells)

10. http://www. google. com/imgres. imgurl=http://nhscience. lonestar

11. Testosterone Secreted by interstitial cells
Called Leydig cells - named after the German anatomist Franz Leydig, who discovered them in 1850

12. Epididymides Sperm storage – 17 ft of tightly coiled tubule
Just outside of testis

13. Epididymis joins with vas deferens

14. Vas deferens ascends through inguinal canal to enter the abdomen…
..where it curves around the bladder & empties into the urethra

15. Spermatic cords – fibrous connective tissue & muscle fibers enclose the vas deferens…
… the blood vessels & nerves

16. Inguinal hernia – where cord enters abdomen

17. Seminal fluid aka semen
3 types of glands add secretions to s.f.
Seminal vesicles –base of bladder
Prostate gland - upper portion of urethra
Bulbourethral (Cowper’s) glands – posterior to prostate on either side of urethra

18. tail, middle piece, head 1n = 23 chromosomes flagella mitochondria
acrosome

19. Name the glands and describe the secretions that contribute to the composition of semen.
Prostate & seminal vesicles secrete seminal fluid = 10% sperm ( million per ml) & 90% glandular secretions
SV = fructose, prostaglandins, proteins that facilitate clotting
PG = zinc, citric acid, antibiotic-like molecules, enzymes

20. Function of glands
pH 7.5 is best for sperm – from bulbourethral to neutralize residual urine
Fructose – energy from seminal vesicles
Prostaglandins – chemicals that cause uterine contractions (sv)

21. Take good care!