1. Sport

2. OAA Outdoor & Adventurous activities
OR – recreation that takes place and uses the natural environment
Adventure Activity – a form of outdoor recreation that involves a degree of challenge and risk
OE - Learning in and about the outdoors
The setting is natural or semi-natural environment which adds a degree of risk or unpredictability
Can be artificial facilities e.g. climbing walls, ski slopes, man made lakes for water sports, swimming pool for canoeing’
Urban Adventure – adventurous activities in the city e.g. parkour, Rat race adventure

3. Risks of OAA Beginners – perceived risk (completely safe)
Experts –actual risk (dangerous/fatal)
Perceived Risk – predictable and safe setting but offering challenge and sense of adventure
- activity may appear dangerous but with staff training, RA, safety guidelines, it is completely safe and risk is imagined
Actual Risk – avoided by equipment and preparation. Risk is the attraction for many participants. Not part of OE

4. Constraints on OE Funding
Specialist training for staff – expensive and time consuming
Health and safety issues
Facilities are too widespread – no easy access
Staff not willing to give up time

5. Physical Education
‘Physical Education is the learning of physical, personal, preparatory and qualitative values through formal physical activity in schools’.
Fundamentally physical
Also personal, social, lifestyle and emotional development
Compulsory element of curriculum since 1944

6. Sports are institutionalised competitive activities that involve vigorous physical exertion or the use of relatively complex skills by individuals whose participation is motivated by a combination of intrinsic and extrinsic factors’ Coakley, 1982

7. Self-satisfaction/fulfillment Fun/enjoyment Desire to win
Institutionalised
Competitive structure – leagues, cups organised by NGB
Standardised rules set by NGB
Rules enforced by officials
Strategies, specialisation of players, training, specialist equipment
Code of conduct – written and unwritten
Intrinsic
Internal
Self-satisfaction/fulfillment
Fun/enjoyment
Desire to win
Extrinsic
Medals/prizes
Money
Fame
Praise
Demands of the job

8. Classifications
Conditioning – to improve mental and physical condition
Competitive – invasion, net, striking/fielding, target & fighting
Athletic
Aesthetic or gymnastic movement – subjective assessment

9. Benefits of Sport Emotional release Express individuality
Socialisation
Values e.g. fair play, sportsmanship
Achieve success
Health & Fitness
Challenge
Economic

10. Problems of Sport Reinforce discrimination & stereotypes
Too much emphasis on winning
Gamesmanship
Competition can be difficult for some to cope with
Deviance
Spectator sport rather than participation
Media coverage is not equal for all sports

11. Sportsmanship
Sportsmanship – A moral approach towards participation in sport whereby the performer abides by the unwritten rules of the sport
Gamesmanship – A cunning act of bending the rules, without breaking them, in order to gain advantage
Deviance - Cheating

12. Examples
Bloodgate – Williams fake injury for Harlequins against Leinster in Heineken Cup Quarter Final
Adebayor – match against Arsenal, stamp on Van Persie and goal celebration
F1 – when Felipe Massa was ordered to move aside for teammate Fernando Alonso
Serena Williams – semi final v Kim Clijsters – smashing racket and shouting at official
Why do they do it?

13. Examples http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fZMuS4ynSog

14. Benefits to Individual
Definition
Characteristics
Objectives
Benefits to Individual
Benefits to society
Play
Leisure & recreation
Active leisure
OAA PE
Sport