1. ELISA
ELISA test strips were included in the handout bag. They are used to determine if plant material contains protein from a specific transgene.

2. ELISA
The test can be done on seed ground up in a blender or crushed with a pliers or hammer, or on fresh tissue taken from a plant and crushed.

3. ELISA
Water is added to help blend the seed.

4. ELISA
The test can be done on a sample of unknown seed to determine which transgenic event it is.

5. ELISA
The test can also be used to show how grain is tested by elevators or other people who want to know if it is transgenic.

6. ELISA
It can be demonstrated that 1 seed out of 10,000 is enough to give positive results. This can be connected back to grain handling issues.

7. ELISA
A small sample of the blended mixture is transferred into a microfuge tube with the plastic pipettor.

8. ELISA
A single test strip is placed into the tube. Make sure the correct side is pointing down!

9. ELISA
Placing the test strip into the tube.

10. ELISA
Wait approximately 5-10 minutes to see distinguishable results.

11. ELISA
A negative test will have 1 line (the control). A positive test will have two lines.

12. ELISA
Remember that ELISA tests detect the protein encoded by the coding region of a transgene. If the event has a different coding region, the protein will not be detected.
Example: there are 3 Bt coding regions currently in commercial hybrids; Cry 1A(b), Cry 1A(c), and Cry 9C. The Bt ELISA test developed to detect Cry 1A(b) will not detect the Cry 9C protein because their structures are different.