1. By: Olha Lee Janette Hernandez
The Indus Valley Civilization
By: Olha Lee Janette Hernandez
BCE

2. Geography Location: Western part of the Indian Sub continent
Geographic impact: The Indus River helped spark a trade, farming, and transportation.
The Indus Valley Civilization was not isolated because there were many other little communities all around them that they traded with.

3. Time Period
Most historian believe the Indus Civilization was around BCE but there are still disagreements about this topic. Peaked: 2400 BCE Decline: 1500BCE

4. Economy
Indus Valley Civilization based their economy on hunting, trading, farming and fishing The merchants of the social class handled trade, they were called Vaishayas. Materials traded: Gold from South India Copper from Afghanistan Turquoise from Iran

5. Government
It is believed the Indus Valley Civilization didn’t have an emperor or king figure because there hasn’t been any type of a capitol building or place where they would meet. There hasn’t been a discovery that this civilization had laws, but historians believe that each social class had their own job to do.
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6. Beliefs
They were polytheistic The seals that they made showed that they worshiped other things like, the unicorn, elephant, bull They treated the women like the head of the household Indra, the war god, was one of the main gods that was worshiped

7. Technology Built building out of burned brick Sewage system Wells
Food storage system
Pool

8. Writing
They had a form of writing using symbols but historians haven't been able to translate
400 characters (Too many symbols for it to represent letters and not enough for every symbol to represent a picture)
Unicorn and the bull were the most common symbol, the bull symbolizes strength

9. Architecture
They planned their cities out like Harappa & Montenegro Sewer systems Measurements were precise Houses were 1-2 stories high Flat roofs

10. Slavery
Most historians believe that there was slavery but not enough evidence is available to be 100% sure about it

11. Rise and Fall
The fall of the Indus Valley Civilizations hasn’t been determined how it occurred yet. It is uncertain if it was because of a climate change like a drought, monsoon, flood, or the Aryan invasion.

12. Contributions
The Indus Valley Civilization invented beads and put them on a necklace. They also were the first to grow cotton.

13. Golden Age
2400 BC would be considered the golden age for the Indus people; everything was going well for them including crops, hunting, fishing, trading

14. Social Classes
Most of the time the women were the head of the household They had about 4 different social classes: Brahmins (Priest) Kshatriyas (warriors) Vaishayas (cultivators, merchants) Shudras (peasants, workers) The higher class wore a bull on their seal

15. Agriculture
They domesticated cotton, sesame, peas, and barley The Indus people didn’t practice canal irrigation

16. Firsts
They were one of the first to grow and domesticate cotton Also they were one of the first to start using beads to make jewlery

18. Citations:
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