1. Roots, Stems, Leaves
Chapter 4 Section 4
#47A

2. Roots Functions: _____________ plants
Absorb water and ________________ from soil
Store ___________

3. Types of Roots ______________ roots _________________
Has many ___________ sized roots
Form dense tangled mass
Take a lot of soil when you pull them up
Grass, corn, _________
_________________
Has one long thick _______________ root
Smaller roots branch off main root
_____________ to pull out of ground
Carrots, ____________, cacti

4. The Structure of a Root Structure Location Function
__________ _________
Tip of root
_______________ the root from injury from rocks as root grows through soil
Root ______________
Grow out of roots surface
Enter spaces between ____________ particles to absorb water and minerals
_________________
In vascular tissue
Transports ____________ and nutrients upward
Phloem
In ______________ tissue
Transports ____________ manufactured in leaves to roots

5. Stems
Functions:
Carries substances between plants _________________ and leaves
Provides ____________ for plant
Holds ______________ up so they are exposed to the sun

6. The Structure of a Stem Contain no __________________ and are soft
Herbaceous
Woody
Contain no __________________ and are soft
Coneflowers, pepper plants
Have phloem and xylem
_____________ and rigid
Roses, woody stems
Have phloem and xylem
Layers
_______________ bark-protects the cells inside
Inner bark- living phloem
Cambium- produces new phloem and xylem
Sapwood- active xylem that transports water and nutrients
Heartwood- old inactive xylem that helps support the tree
______________ rings- each ring of xylem (a band of light wood and a band of dark wood0 represents one year’s growth

7. Leaves
Responsible for capturing the sun’s _________________ and carrying out the food-making process of photosynthesis.
Come in all shapes and sizes
Pines have _______________
Birch trees have small rounded leaves

8. The Structure of a Leaf Structure Function __________________
Controls water loss
Xylem
-Carries ______________ absorbed by roots to leaves
_____________
-Carries food made in leaves during photosynthesis to rest of plant
Stomata
-Tiny pores
-Let in CO2
-Let out _____________ and water vapor
_____________ leaf cells
-Widely spaced cells
-Allow CO2 to reach cells for photosynthesis
-Allow oxygen to escape in air
Upper leaf cells
-Tightly packed cells
-Trap sunlight's energy
-Contain most _________________