1. THE ENGLISH REFORMATION

2. HENRY VIII (r )
                                       

3. HENRY VIII
                                     
Henry VIII began his reign in 1509 when he was eighteen (18) years old.
Henry was a handsome, strong, and intelligent young man.
He loved tennis, classical literature, music, and food.

4. AIM:
WAS THE ENGLISH REFORMATION A
POLITICAL,
RELIGIOUS,
OR PERSONAL
MOVEMENT ?

5. CATHERINE OF ARAGON
(Henry VIII’s first wife)

6. Mary I “Bloody Mary” born: 1516 r: 1553-1558
Henry VIII
Catherine of Aragon
Mary I “Bloody Mary” born: 1516 r:

7. THE PROBLEM:
In 1527 Henry believed that Catherine would never bear him a son to succeed his throne.
In 1527 Henry asked Pope Clement VII for an annulment to end his marriage to Catherine. The Pope refused.
Henry VIII had met Anne Boleyn and wanted to marry her.

8. THE SOLUTION:
In 1529 Henry VIII called Parliament into session. He asked them to pass laws that stripped away the pope’s power in England.
This Parliament, also known as the Reformation Parliament, legalized Henry’s divorce from Catherine.
Henry appointed a new Archbishop of Canterbury, Thomas Cranmer, who annulled his marriage to Catherine.
In 1533 Henry married Anne Boleyn.

9. THE ACT OF SUPREMACY
In 1534 Parliament voted to approve the Act of Supremacy. The act read:
“The king’s majesty justly and rightly is and ought to be…the only supreme head in earth of the Church in England.”

10. HENRY’S CHANGES: WHAT WAS DIFFERENT
The English monarch, not the Pope was to be the head of the Church in England.
Henry closed all English monasteries and seized their wealth and lands.
England’s priests were called “ministers.”
The English Bible was used in Church services

11. A DECLARATION OF FAITH
“I die the king’s good servant, but God’s first.”
Sir Thomas More

12. HENRY’S CHANGES: WHAT STAYED THE SAME
Henry VIII in many ways remained more Catholic than Protestant.
He insisted that the priests should not change the Catholic rituals and doctrines in the Anglican Church.

13. ANNE BOLEYN
(Henry VIII’s second wife)

14. Henry VIII
Anne Boleyn
Elizabeth I born: 1533 r:

15. A FINAL PLEA “…Let not any light fancy Or bad counsel of my enemies
Withdraw your princely favor
From me…Try me, good king,
But let me have a lawful trial,
And let not my sworn enemies
Sit as my accusers and my
Judges. ..I doubt not mine
Innocency shall be openly
Known and sufficiently cleared.”
Anne Boleyn
(beheaded in 1536)

16. JANE SEYMOUR
(Henry VIII’s third wife)

17. Henry VIII
Jane Seymour
Edward VI
Born: 1537 r:

18. ANNE OF CLEVES
(Henry VIII’s fourth wife)

19. CATHERINE HOWARD
(Henry VIII’s fifth wife)

20. CATHERINE PARR
(Henry VIII’s sixth wife)

21. EDWARD VI (r )
Edward VI became king when he was nine (9) years old.
He was greatly influenced by Protestants.
Thomas Cranmer wrote The Book of Common Prayer. Many were angered by the change.

22. MARY I (r )
Mary I was a devout Catholic. This made her an unpopular queen.
She imprisoned her half-sister Elizabeth in the Tower of London.
She was known as “Bloody Mary” because she burned many Protestants at the stake-including the former Archbishop of Canterbury, Thomas Cranmer.

23. ELIZABETH I (r )

24. THE REIGN OF ELIZABETH I
Elizabeth firmly establish England as a Protestant nation.
Headed by Elizabeth I, The Anglican Church was the official church in England.
Elizabeth tried to make both Catholics and Protestants happy.

25. THE ENGLISH CHURCH UNDER ELIZABETH I
Elizabeth allowed the priests in the Anglican Church to marry.
Sermons could be delivered in English.
The Book of the Common Prayer was changed to appease Catholics.
The robes of the clergy and golden crucifixes remained unchanged.

26. THE SPANISH ARMADA
In 1588 Philip II of Spain prepared a massive invasion by sea of England.
The English defeated the Spanish fleet.
Elizabeth stirred up feelings up patriotism as she spoke to her soldiers preparing to face the enemy.
“…I know I have the body of a weak and feeble woman, but I have the heart and stomach of a king…and I think foul scorn (of) any prince of Europe (who) should dare invade the borders of my realm…”