1. How many iron atoms are in
Drill:
How many iron atoms are in
3.2 kg Fe2O3?

2. Drill: Calculate the volume of O2 at STP required to burn 6
Drill: Calculate the volume of O2 at STP required to burn 6.00 g of C2H6:

3. Electronic Structure

4. Electron Configuration
A description of the electrons in an atom

5. Orbital The space in which the electrons (e-) are likely to be found
Max 2 e- per orbital

6. Rule of Electron configuration
Number: energy level (row #)
Letter: energy sublevel (area)
Superscript: # of e- in sublevel
d electrons: 1 level < row #
f electrons: 2 levels < row #
Show all filled sublevels

7. Energy Levels
Corresponds to row #
1 - 7
Related to size

9. Energy Sublevels Corresponds to an area on the periodic table
= nodes in orbitals
s, p, d, f

11. s - electrons
Columns 1A & 2A
Spherical orbitals

13. p - electrons Col. 3A - 8A or 13 - 18 Dumbbell shaped orbital
3 orbitals per sublevel
1 node

14. d - electrons Cols 3B - 2B or 3 - 12 Transition area (2 nodes)
Double dumbbell shaped
5 orbitals in sublevel

16. f - electrons Lower removed area Triple dumbbell shaped
7 orbitals per sublevel
3 nodes

18. 5p - - -
4p p - - -
2p - - -
5s - 4s - 3s - 2s - 1s -
4d d

19. 5p - - -
4p p - - -
2p - - -
5s - 4s - 3s - 2s - 1s -
4d d

20. 5p - - -
4p p - - -
2p - - -
5s - 4s - 3s - 2s - 1s -
4d d

21. 5p - - -
4p p - - -
2p - - -
5s - 4s - 3s - 2s - 1s -
4d d

22. 5p - - -
4p p - - -
2p - - -
5s - 4s - 3s - 2s - 1s -
4d d

23. 5p - - -
4p p - - -
2p - - -
5s - 4s - 3s - 2s - 1s -
4d d

24. 5p - - -
4p p - - -
2p - - -
5s - 4s - 3s - 2s - 1s -
4d d

25. 5p - - -
4p p - - -
2p - - -
5s - 4s - 3s - 2s - 1s -
4d d

26. 5p - - -
4p p - - -
2p - - -
5s - 4s - 3s - 2s - 1s -
4d d

27. 5p - - -
4p p - - -
2p - - -
5s - 4s - 3s - 2s - 1s -
4d d

28. 5p - - -
4p p - - -
2p - - -
5s - 4s - 3s - 2s - 1s -
4d d

29. 5p - - -
4p p - - -
2p - - -
5s - 4s - 3s - 2s - 1s -
4d d

30. 5p - - -
4p p - - -
2p - - -
5s - 4s - 3s - 2s - 1s -
4d d

31. 5p - - -
4p p - - -
2p - - -
5s - 4s - 3s - 2s - 1s -
4d d

32. 5p - - -
4p p - - -
2p - - -
5s - 4s - 3s - 2s - 1s -
4d d

33. 5p - - -
4p p - - -
2p - - -
5s - 4s - 3s - 2s - 1s -
4d d

34. 5p - - -
4p p - - -
2p - - -
5s - 4s - 3s - 2s - 1s -
4d d

35. 5p - - -
4p p - - -
2p - - -
5s - 4s - 3s - 2s - 1s -
4d d

36. 5p - - -
4p p - - -
2p - - -
5s - 4s - 3s - 2s - 1s -
4d d

37. 5p - - -
4p p - - -
2p - - -
5s - 4s - 3s - 2s - 1s -
4d d

38. 5p - - -
4p p - - -
2p - - -
5s - 4s - 3s - 2s - 1s -
4d d

39. 5p - - -
4p p - - -
2p - - -
5s - 4s - 3s - 2s - 1s -
4d d

40. 5p - - -
4p p - - -
2p - - -
5s - 4s - 3s - 2s - 1s -
4d d

41. 5p - - -
4p p - - -
2p - - -
5s - 4s - 3s - 2s - 1s -
4d d

42. 5p - - -
4p p - - -
2p - - -
5s - 4s - 3s - 2s - 1s -
4d d

43. Ground State
All electrons are in their lowest possible energy state

44. Excited State
One or more electrons are not in their lowest possible energy state

46. Orbitals at the same energy level
Degenerate Orbitals
Orbitals at the same energy level

47. List, describe, & identify the area of the Periodic Table for each type of orbital.

48. Write the ECs for: Ne Rb Tc As

49. Homework:
Work problems 33 & 34 on page 170.

50. Drill: Write the ECs for:
Sn Pt
I-1 Mn+2

51. Write the ECs for:
Zn Au
Al+3 Fe+3

52. AP Chm Homework:
Work problems 31 – 40 on page 170

53. Electron Dot Diagram Represents the valence electrons in an atom
Maximum 4 pairs drawn on an imaginary square around the symbol

54. Valence Electrons Electrons in the outer most energy level
Electrons involved in chemical reactions

55. Octet Rule 8 electrons in the outer level is stable
elements attempt to get eight electrons in their outer level

56. Column 1A
1s1, 2s1, 3s1, etc Na

57. Column 2A
1s2, 2s2, 3s2, etc Mg

58. Column 3A
2s22p1 ,3s23p1, etc Al

59. Column 4A
2s22p2, 3s23p2, etc C

60. Column 5A
2s22p3, 3s23p3, etc N

61. Column 6A
2s22p43s23p4, etc O

62. Column 7A
2s22p53s23p5, etc Cl

63. Column 8A
2s22p63s23p6, etc Ne

64. EC for Transition El. 4s23d1 4s23d6 4s23d2 4s23d7 4s23d3 4s23d8

65. Chromium & Copper Are Kinky

66. Transition Dot Diagrams
Kinky ones have a single
All the rest have a pair

67. Inner Transition Dot Diagrams
All have a pair

68. Drill: Draw the electron configuration for Uranium

69. HW: Problems 53 – 56 on page 171

70. Write ECs & EDDs for:
S -16 Cu -29
Sb -51 Ca+2 -20

71. Quantum Numbers
A more complete description of the electrons in an atom

72. n : Energy level(Row) l : Energy Sublevel m or ml : Orientation
Quantum Numbers
n : Energy level(Row)
l : Energy Sublevel
m or ml : Orientation
s or ms : Spin

73. n : Size l : Shape or nodes m or ml : Orientation s or ms : Spin
Quantum Numbers
n : Size
l : Shape or nodes
m or ml : Orientation
s or ms : Spin

74. n : 1 ---> 7 l : 0 ---> (n - 1) m : - l ---> + l
Quantum Numbers
n : 1 ---> 7
l : 0 ---> (n - 1)
m : - l ---> + l
s : + 1/2 or -1/2

75. Quantum Numbers Go from the lowest to highest possibilities:
Start n with 1, start l with 0, etc.

76. n = 1, l = 0, m = 0, s = 1/2 Quantum Numbers H: (1,0,0,1/2)
He: (1,0,0,-1/2)
etc

77. Drill: Predict EC, QN & EDD for:
Pb-82
Gd-64

78. Give QN, & EDD: Te-52 I-53 Fe-26 V-23 Pu-94 Al-13 Sb-51 Au-79

79. DRILL: Write EC, EDD, & QN for:
Os-76
Bi-83

80. Oxidation State The charge or apparent charge of an element
Oxidation numbers

81. Negative Ox # Always = column # - 8
Exceptions: only in apparent charges: peroxides, hydrocarbons

82. Positive Ox # = column # = unpaired electrons = s e- ---> s + d e-
Apparent: singles & pairs

83. Determine EC, EDD, QN, Ox # of:
SR-38 Au-79
At-85 Ho-67

84. Drill:
Determine EC, EDD, QN, Ox # of:
Ba-56 Pt-78
Cl-17 Tb-65

85. Wave Formula v or c = ln = lf c = speed of light l = wavelength
n or f = frequency

86. Calculate the wavelength of your favorite radio station FM in MHz AM in kHz

87. Plank’s Formula
E = hf = hc/l
E = energy
h = Plank’s Constant

88. Calculate the energy of a photon from your favorite radio station:

89. Calculate the energy of uv light at 221 nm:

90. DeBroglie’s Formula
l= h/mv

91. Calculate the wavelength of a 221 g baseball thrown at 15 m/s:

92. Calculate the energy and mass of a photon of IR light at 1.326 mm:

93. Spectrum
The unique set of waves absorbed or emitted by a substance

94. Absorption Spectrum
The unique set of wavelengths absorbed by a substance
Atomic Absorption Sp

95. Emission Spectrum
The unique set of wavelengths emitted by a substance
Atomic Emission Sp

96. Atomic Absorption Spectrum
Dark-line Spectrum

97. Atomic Emission Spectrum
Bright-line Spectrum

99. Spectroscopy
The study of a substance under continuous excitation energy

100. Drill: Determine EC, EDD, QN, & Ox # for each of the following: Mg, Sn, U, K, Cl, & V

101. Determine EC, EDD, QN, & Ox # for each of the following: Zr, He, Eu, & Cr

102. Determine EC, EDD, QN, & Ox # for each of the following:
Br-1, Kr, & Sr+2

103. With a UV,visible,IR spectrophotometer waves at 221 nm, 663 nm, & 2
With a UV,visible,IR spectrophotometer waves at 221 nm, 663 nm, & 2.21 mm were detected when element X was excited. Calculate the energy differences among levels 1, 2, 3, & 4.

104. Chapter 3 General
Define all the Key Terms on page 168

105. Wave Energies
Work problems:
1 - 10
on page 169

106. Determine the EC, EDD, QN & Ox # for each of the following: Mg, Sn, P, K, Cl, & V

107. EC
Work problems:
39 -42
on page 170

108. Quantum Numbers
Work problems:
on page 170

109. Determine the EC, EDD, QN, & OS for elements:
21, 14, 29, & 64

110. Excited sodium emits red light at 663 nm
Excited sodium emits red light at 663 nm. Determine EC, EDD, QN, OS, & the energy of the light wave.