1. Defence Mechanisms *Personality
Dr Usman Amin Hotiana
Department of Behavioural Sciences & Psychiatry

2. Theories of Personality Disorders
Psychodynamic/ Psychoanalytic Theories:
Developmental explanations
Role of the unconscious
Defense mechanisms
Example: Object Relations Theory
Copyright 2010, C. Barber, IBP

3. Theories of Personality Disorders
Cognitive- Behavioral Elements:
Automatic thoughts
Schemas
Cognitive distortions
Principles of reinforcement
Observation and modeling
Copyright 2010, C. Barber, IBP

4. Big Five: A Dimensional Model
5 higher-order personality dimensions
Extraversion
Agreeableness
Conscientiousness
Neuroticism/Emotional instability
Openness to Experience
30 sub-dimensions
Personality disorders are on a continuum with normal personality
Copyright 2010, C. Barber, IBP

5. Personality in Two Dimensions
Neuroticism
Introversion
Extraversion
Emotional Stability
Copyright 2010, C. Barber, IBP

6. Personality Style
Consists of the ways in which a person relates to others, world, and self.
Traits (internal tendencies – mostly inherited)
Habits (behavioral tendencies – mostly learned)
These may be adaptive or maladaptive, depending on the context.
Copyright 2010, C. Barber, IBP

7. Personality Disorder
Enduring and pervasive pattern of perception, thought, and behavior
Falls outside social/cultural norms
Inflexible and maladaptive
Causes impairment or distress
Copyright 2010, C. Barber, IBP

8. Copyright 2010, C. Barber, IBP