1. Daily Warm-Up Exercises
Day 6
All igneous rocks form underground.
Is the above statement true or false? Explain.
False. Some form on Earth's surface from molten rock that is released when a volcano erupts.
When igneous rock forms underground, is it likely to form faster, slower, or at the same rate as igneous rock that forms on Earth's surface?
Slower. There is extreme heat inside Earth, so molten rock that is trapped underground will cool and harden slowly.
Daily Warm-Up Exercises 1
Daily Warm-Up Exercises 1

2. Igneous and Metamorphic Rocks (Part 1, steps 1-6)
Investigation 8
One Rock to Another

3. Rock Identification A and B
Using the hand lens and the acid, complete the Rock number and Description columns. Use Resource Book pages
Steps for acid test:
1. Goggles
2. Paper towel (2 pieces)
drops/reverse side
4. Dry up (max 30 sec)

4. Rock Identification A (#11 - 13)
igneous
pink, white, black, grey
shiny flat crystals
dense
intrusive 11
granite
igneous
grey, black, white
dense
fine-grained 12
extrusive
basalt, fine-grained
igneous
black, grey
holes of various sizes
dense 13
extrusive
basalt, vesicular

5. Rock Identification A (#16 - 19)
igneous
black, dark brown
very shiny, like glass
forms sharp edges 16
extrusive
obsidian
igneous
grey, tan with holes
not very dense
would float in water 17
extrusive
pumice
igneous
browns, reds
holes like pumice
does not float in water 19
extrusive
scoria

6. Rock Identification A (#21)
igneous 21
mostly white, some tan
chalky, grainy
extrusive
tuff

7. Rock Identification B (#1 - 15)
comes from shale or mudstone
metamorphic 1
black, shiny
schist
metamorphic
comes from shale or granite
white, tan, black with lines 14
gneiss
comes from limestone
metamorphic
fizzes in acid
white, crystalline 15
marble

8. Rock Identification B (#18 - 20)
metamorphic
comes from sandstone 18
pink, crystalline
quartzite
metamorphic
comes from shale 20
black, hard, smooth
slate

9. Igneous & Metamorphic Rocks (Part 1, steps 7-15)
Investigation 8
One Rock to Another

10. Layers of the Earth Inner Core: At the center of the Earth
Solid iron and nickel
Outer Core:
Surrounding the inner core
Molten iron and nickel
Mantle:
Between the crust and core
The most massive part of Earth
Lower part is a soft (plastic) solid
Crust:
The thin outer surface of the Earth
The part we stand on
If Earth were an egg, the crust would be the shell
Compare Rock Formation 10

11. Igneous Rocks
Extrusive igneous rock forms when lava cools on the surface of the Earth
Called lava on the surface
examples: obsidian, pumice, tuff, scoria, basalt
Intrusive igneous rock forms when magma cools below the surface of the Earth in the crust
example: granite

12. Metamorphic Rocks Metamorphic means “changed”
Rocks that have changed from other types of rock
The change is brought about by pressure and/or heat
Called lava on the surface

13. Metamorphic Rocks Pressure occurs when
Rocks are buried deep in the Earth
Magma pushes up from below
Heat occurs when rocks are covered with magma
Heat and Pressure result when rocks are pressed down close to magma

14. Metamorphic Rocks
When rocks get so hot that they melt, they turn into magma
If magma resolidifies, it is a new igneous rock
Metamorphic rocks never completely melt

15. (the original rock that changes)
Source and Morph Rocks
All metamorphic rocks form from a source rock
Source Rock
(the original rock that changes)
Morph Rock
Heat and/or Pressure
limestone
marble

16. Source and Morph Results
shale
slate
shale or mudstone
schist
sandstone
quartzite
granite
gneiss

17. Daily Warm-Up Exercises
Essay Question
What forces are constantly shaping and reshaping Earth’s surface? (Hint: constructive/ destructive)
Earth processes are going all the time. Destructive processes break down landforms. These include weathering, erosion, and tectonic plates sinking and melting. Constructive processes build up. They include mountain building, deposition (sedimentation), and new crust formation.
When igneous rock forms underground, is it likely to form faster, slower, or at the same rate as igneous rock that forms on Earth's surface?
Slower. There is extreme heat inside Earth, so molten rock that is trapped underground will cool and harden slowly.
Daily Warm-Up Exercises 17
Daily Warm-Up Exercises 17