1. Mountains & Plate Boundaries

2. Types of Mountains The three most common mountain types are: Folded
Faulted
Volcanoes

3. Folding in a section of the
Folded Mountains
Most common type of mountain
Forms at a convergent boundary when two plates with continental crust collide
Folding in a section of the
Rocky Mountains
Himalayas

4. Faulted (or Fault Block) Mountains
Occurs when there is vertical movement along fault lines
Uplift – when a section of land moves up
Downdropping – when a section of land drops down
Tilt – when a section of land rises and tilts

5. Faulted Mountain Images
Uplift
Downdropping
Sierra Nevada Mountains, CA

6. Volcanoes Volcanoes are made of layers of lava
Volcanoes can occur at convergent subduction zones, divergent boundaries, and hot spots
Mount Orsono, Chile

7. Types of Plate Boundaries
There are three types of plate boundaries:
Divergent (plates move apart)
Convergent (plates move toward each other)
Transform (plates slide by each other)

8. Divergent Boundary
Ocean Ridge
Rift Valley
Convection Currents

9. Divergent Boundary
Divergent boundaries occur mostly along spreading centers where the magma rises forming new crust.
Spreading zones on continents create parallel mountains and valleys as the crust pulls apart

10. Convergent Boundaries
Convergent boundaries occur in three arrangements:
continental-continental crust
continental-ocean crust
ocean-ocean crust

11. Convergent (continent-continent)
Folded Mountain
Two thick continental plates collide and buckle into high mountains
Ex: Himalaya Mountain Range
Convection Currents

12. Convergent (ocean-continent)
Ocean plate dives beneath a continental plate. Volcanic mountain chain forms inland
Japan, Sumatra
Volcano
Trench
Convection Currents

13. Convergent (ocean- ocean)
Ocean plate dives beneath another ocean plate; volcanic island chain forms above the zone
Ex: The Marianas

14. Transform Boundary Fault AKA Transform Fault
is a type of fault whose relative motion is predominantly horizontal
While most transform faults are hidden in the deep oceans where they form a series of short zigzags accommodating seafloor spreading
Fault

15. Hot Spot Volcano Super Hot Magma
volcanic regions thought to be fed by underlying mantle that is anomalously hot compared with the surrounding mantle
Super Hot Magma