1. Chemistry
The study of the composition of matter and the changes that matter undergoes.

2. Anything that has mass and takes up space.
Matter
Anything that has mass and takes up space.

3. The amount of matter an object contains.
Mass
The amount of matter an object contains.

4. Classifying Matter

5. Substance
Matter with a uniform and definite composition (also called a pure substance). All samples of a substance have identical physical properties.

6. Substances can be either
Element
Compound OR C
Al2O3-Cr

7. Elements Simplest forms of matter.
Building blocks for all other substances.
Cannot be separated by chemical means.
Represented by a one- or two-letter chemical symbol. Hg

8. Can be separated into simpler substances by chemical means.
Compounds
Can be separated into simpler substances by chemical means.
NaCl
CaCO3

9. Mixture
A physical blend of two or more substances. Can be separated by physical means. Compositions may vary.

10. Completely uniform composition. Also known as a solution.
Homogeneous Mixture
Completely uniform composition. Also known as a solution.

11. Heterogeneous Mixture
Not uniform in composition.

12. Physical Property- quality or condition that can be observed or measured without changing the substance’s composition. For example:
Color
Solubility
Hardness
Density
Melting point
Boiling point
Physical state

13. Physical State (see Table 2.2)
Solid: definite shape and volume
Liquid: Takes on shape of container, definite volume
Gas: Fills any space; compressible

14. Gas vs. Vapor
A vapor is the gaseous state of a substance that is generally a liquid or solid at room temperature (i.e.water vapor).

15. INTENSIVE physical property
Does NOT depend on the amount of material present
(e.g. color, melting point, freezing point, density)

16. EXTENSIVE physical property
DOES depend on the amount of material present
(e.g. mass, volume)

17. Cutting Grinding Bending Melting Boiling Freezing
Physical Change- Alters a given material without changing its composition.
Cutting
Grinding
Bending
Melting
Boiling
Freezing

18. One or more substances change into new substances
Chemical Reaction
One or more substances change into new substances

19. Starting substances in a chemical reaction.
Reactants
Starting substances in a chemical reaction.

20. Resulting substances in a chemical reaction.
Products
Resulting substances in a chemical reaction.

21. Chemical Property
The ability of a substance to undergo chemical reactions and to form new substances.

22. Chemical Changes
Result in a change of chemical composition of the substances involved.
Most chemical changes are not easily reversed.
Ex: Rust, Burn, Rot, Explode, Corrode

23. Law of Conservation of Mass
In any physical change or chemical reaction, mass is neither created nor destroyed.
The mass of the products is always equal to the mass of the reactants.