1. Warm Up
What is this?

2. Atomic Structure and the Periodic Table
Chapters 4, 5, 6, and 10

3. The Green Pea Analogy

4. Looking at an Atom In the Nucleus: Protons have a +1 charge+
In the Nucleus:
Protons have a +1 charge
Neutrons have no charge
Outside the Nucleus (Electron Cloud)
Electrons have a –1 charge
Electrons are arranged in Energy Levels -

5. Relative Mass??? Atomic Mass Units 1 amu Protons - Neutrons - 1 amu
Electrons -
1 amu
1 amu
0 amu
Atomic Mass Units

7. Attractive Forces and Volume
space
Most of the volume in an atom is ________.
Electrons are kept in orbit by the attraction force of the ________.
protons

8. Atoms vs. Elements Elements - Atom -
A pure substance that cannot be broken down into anything simpler by ordinary physical or chemical means
The smallest part of an element

9. The Periodic Table of the Elements

10. Symbols
The symbol for an element is formed from the first letter or two of its name.
C = carbon
Si = silicon
The symbol doesn’t always come from our language.
Ag is Silver
Na is Sodium

11. It’s Greek to Me!!! Symbols from Latin
Element
Latin Name
Symbol
Copper
Cuprum Cu
Gold
Aurum Au
Iron
Ferrum Fe
Lead
Plumbum Pb
Mercury
Hydragyrum Hg
Potassium
Kalium K
Silver
Argentium Ag
Sodium
Natirum Na
Antimony
Stibnum Sb
Tin
Stannum Sn
Tungsten*
Wolfram W

13. Atomic Number Atomic Number = Protons = Electrons Makes Atom Neutral
A=P=E

14. Practice on Flipchart

15. Mass Number The mass number is the sum of protons and neutrons.
Find neutrons by subtracting Atomic Number from Mass Number
M-A=N

16. Finding Neutrons on Flipchart

17. APE MAN SHEET
Try 1, 5, 7, 11, 15, and 18 on your own

18. List the 3 subatomic particles and give the location, charge and mass for each
Which subatomic particle determines the identity of the atom?
What makes up most of the volume of the atom?

19. Energy Levels

20. Bohr Diagram

22. Bohr Diagram’s
Draw in Bohr diagrams into your periodic table pages.

23. Lewis Structures
Show valence electrons only– Draw Structures for H, Ca, and O in folder

24. Warm up
Have you noticed any pattern yet to the periodic table? (Hint: Pattern in rows and columns?)

25. Groups Vertical columns: Groups or Families
Tells us number of valence (outside) electrons

27. Periods
Rows or Periods
As go down, you add an energy level

28. Complete Periodic Table Practice Sheet I

29. Putting it All Together…Bohr Model
Determine Protons, Electrons from Atomic Number
Determine Neutrons from Mass Number minus protons.
Determine Energy Levels from Period
Determine Valence Electrons from Group #

30. Families to Know – Label in Folder
IA - Alkali Metals
IIA - Alkaline Earth Metals
IIIB – Boron Group
IVB – Carbon Group
VB – Nitrogen Group
VIB – Oxygen Group
VIIB - Halogens
VIIIB - Noble Gases

31. Labeling the Table

32. Homework
Periodic Table Practice II
Can not do # 5 yet.

33. How many valence electrons are in:
Potassium
Aluminum
Xenon
How many energy levels are in:
Write the Lewis Structure for each of these three.

34. Ions An ion is a charged atom (+ or -).
Atoms tend to gain or lose electrons to become stable.
Stable atoms have full valence shells (8 valence electrons, or 2 if it is the 1st shell)
Metals tend to Lose, Nonmetals Gain
H-1
H+1

36. Ion Symbols Hydrogen – H has 1 valence electron+ -
Hydrogen – H has 1 valence electron
If it loses the valence electron
It loses one negative charge
Therefore it has a +1 charge. Write the symbol: H+1 +

37. Ion Animation

38. Practice Writing Ions on Flipchart
Ion Bead Lab

39. Warm Up Why do atoms gain or lose electrons?
Atoms with one or two valence electrons become what type of ions (positive or negative)?
Atoms with six or seven valence electrons become what type of ions (positive or negative)?
Noble gases become what type of ion?

40. Alkali Metals:
1 valence electron
Forms + 1 ions

41. Hydrogen: “Unique”
Not part of any group
Can act as a metal or a non metal

42. Alkaline Earth Metals:
2 Valence electrons
+ 2 ions

43. Noble Gases Noble Gases: “Inert” 8 Valence Electrons, He: 2
Full outer energy level
Does not form ions
Do not readily chemically combine

44. Halogen Groups
7 Valence Electrons
form - 1 ions

45. Other Groups Boron Group – 3 valence – Forms +3 ions
Carbon Group – 4 valence – Forms -4 ions
Nitrogen Group – 5 valence – Forms -3 ions
Oxygen Group – 6 valence – Forms -2 ions

46. Oxidation numbers +1 +2 +3 +4 -3 -2 -1

47. Practice How many electrons in a magnesium atom?
How many electrons in a sodium atom?
How many electrons in a magnesium ion?
How many electrons in a sodium ion?
What nobles gas has the same electron configuration as sodium and magnesium ions?

48. Isotope
Two or more atoms of the same element (same number of protons) that have different numbers of neutrons, so therefore have different mass numbers.
Written two ways: C-14 or C14 6

49. Atomic Mass = Average of all the isotopes of an element.

50. Practice Writing Isotopes
Symbols to and from Isotopes Worksheet
Complete Isotope Bead Lab
HW: Periodic Table Practice III

51. Warm Up
Which of these are isotopes of each other?

52. Isotope Bead Lab
Go over Lab
Go over HW

53. Modern Features Metals Metalloids Non Metals
Generally shiny, solid at room temp, good conductors of heat and electricity, ductile and malleable
Metalloids
Stair-step – Share properties of metal and non-metals
Non Metals
Generally gases at room temp, insulating heat and electricity, brittle

54. Nuclear Decay Large Isotopes are unstable Will often split apart
This is called Nuclear Decay
Occurs naturally around us

55. Radiation Particles and waves are released during decay
This is called radiation

56. Nuclear Reactions
Two kinds of nuclear reactions: Fusion and Fission. Both release very large amounts of energy.

57. Nuclear Fusion Fusion – combine two small nuclei to make one large one
Occurs in sun and stars
Requires plasma and extremely high heat.

58. Nuclear Fission One large nucleus is split in half
Often releases neutrons which will split other atoms apart
Causes a chain reaction

59. Nuclear Fission

60. Chain Reaction

61. Fission Used in… Nuclear Medicine Nuclear Weapons and Bombs
Pros vs Cons
Nuclear Weapons and Bombs
Nuclear Power

62. Please put your model atom on the side counters along with your paper and rubric. (4th Block use counter by hall)