1. Arduino Part 1 Topics: Microcontrollers Programming Basics
Digital Output
Serial Communication

2. Workshop Overview Introduction to microcontroller and Arduino
The Hardware: Arduino UNO
The Software: The Arduino IDE
The Language : Arduino-C language
Hands-on Project 1: Talking to arduino
Hands-on Project 2: LED blinking
Hands-on Project 3: Serial Controlled LED

3. What is an Arduino?
An open-source platform used for building electronics projects
A complete controller with CPU, RAM, Flash memory, and input/output pins, all on a single chip

4. The Hardware : Arduino UNO
USB(Power)
Barrel jack(Power)
Ground
5V supply
3.3V supply
Analog input
Digital input
PWM output
Analog Ref input
Reset Button
Power indicator
RX, TX indicator
Main IC
Voltage Regulator
Built in test LED connected to pin13

5. Getting Started Check out: http://arduino.cc/en/Guide/HomePage
Download & install the Arduino environment (IDE)
Connect the board to your computer via the USB cable
If needed, install the drivers
Launch the Arduino IDE
Select your board
Select your serial port

6. The Software : Arduino IDE3 4 1 5
Verify button
Upload button
New file button
Open file button
Safe file button
Program area
Status bar
Notification area 2 } 6 } 7 } 8

7. Select Serial Port and Board

8. Opening sample program

9. Our First program/sketch
What’s Next??
Press verify button to check for errors
Press upload button to load the program into the arduino
Observe the on-board LED

10. Status Messages
todbot.com/blog/bionicarduino

11. The Language : Arduino - C
Basic program structure :
setup( ): A function present in every Arduino. Run once before the loop( ) function. Often used to set pinmode to input or output.
loop( ): A function present in every single Arduino sketch. This code happens over and over again. The loop( ) is where (almost) everything happens. The one exception to this is setup( ) and variable declaration.

12. The Language : Arduino - C
The setup:
To assign a port to read signal use: pinMode(pinNumber,INPUT);
To assign a port to send signal use: pinMode(pinNumber,OUTPUT)
To initialize serial communication at 9600 bits per second : Serial.begin(9600);

13. The Language : Arduino - C
Digital I/O:
• Digital Input/Output uses the Digital pins, but Analog In pins can be used as Digital
• To receive a Digital signal use: digitalRead(pinNumber);
• To send a Digital signal use: digitalWrite(pinNumber, value);
• Digital Input and Output are always either HIGH or LOW
Analog I/O:
• Analog Input uses the Analog In pins, Analog Output uses the PWM pins
• To receive an Analog signal use: analogRead(pinNumber);
• To send a PWM signal use: analogWrite(pinNumber, value);
• Analog Input values range from 0 to 1023 (1024 values because it uses 10 bits, 210)
• PWM Output values range from 0 to 255 (256 values because it uses 8 bits, 28).

14. The Language : Arduino - C
Time/delay functions:
delay(ms) : eg. To wait for 1sec, use delay(1000)
delayMicroseconds(us) : eg. To wait for 0.001sec, use delayMicroseconds(1000)
millis() : once this function is called, it will update the variable every miliseconds
micros() : once this function is called, it will update the variable every microseconds
More commands: arduino.cc/en/Reference/HomePage

15. The Language : Arduino - C
Serial communication functions:
Used for communication between the Arduino board and a computer or other devices.
Serial.begin(9600) : to opens serial port, sets data rate to 9600 bps
Serial.print() : Prints data to the serial port as human-readable ASCII text.
Serial.println() : Prints data at the following line
Serial.available() : Get the number of bytes (characters) available for reading from the serial port.
Serial.read() : read the incoming data byte
Serial.write() : Writes binary data to the serial port. This data is sent as a byte or series of bytes;
to view serial output, click on the serial monitor at the arduino IDE:
Serial monitor
More commands: arduino.cc/en/Reference/HomePage

16. Hands-on Project 1: Talking to arduino2
The hardware setup:
Write the code/sketch:
Int Data = 0;    void setup() {         Serial.begin(9600);      } void loop() {         if (Serial.available() > 0) {       Data = Serial.read();                  Serial.print("you have entered: ");
Serial.write(Data);
Serial.println();          } }

17. Hands-on Project 1: Talking to arduino3 4
Load the program into arduino
Open serial monitor and observe the output
Press verify button to check for errors
Press upload button to load the program into the arduino
Serial monitor

18. Hands-on Project 2: LED Blinking1 2
The hardware setup:
Write the code/sketch:
void setup() {
serial.begin(9600);
pinMode(13, OUTPUT); }
void loop() {
digitalWrite(13, HIGH);
serial.println(“ LED ON”);
delay(1000);
digitalWrite(13, LOW);
serial.println(“ LED OFF”);

19. Hands-on Project 2 : LED Blinking3 4
Load the program into arduino
Observe the output on the board and open serial monitor
Press verify button to check for errors
Press upload button to load the program into the arduino
Serial monitor

20. Hands-on Project 3: Serial controlled LED1 2
The code/sketch:
The hardware setup:
void setup() {
Serial.begin(9600);
pinMode(13, OUTPUT); }
void loop() {
if (Serial.available() > 0) {
int inByte = Serial.read();
switch (inByte) {
case 'a':
digitalWrite(13, HIGH);
break;
case 'b':
digitalWrite(13, LOW);

21. Hands-on Project 3 : Serial controlled LED4
Press the letter ‘a’ or ‘b’ from your keyboard and observe your led
Load the program into arduino
Press verify button to check for errors
Press upload button to load the program into the arduino

22. References www.arduino.cc www.ladyada.net/learn/arduino