1. Judicial Branch
Famous Trials

2. Back row (left to right): Elena Kagan, Samuel A
Back row (left to right): Elena Kagan, Samuel A. Alito, Sonia Sotomayor, and Neil Gorsuch. Front row (left to right): Ruth Bader Ginsburg, Anthony Kennedy, Chief Justice John G. Roberts, Clarence Thomas, and Stephen G. Breyer.

3. Their Job The Supreme Court
Decides the Constitutionality (does it go against the Constitution) of laws = Judicial Review
9 Judges
Serve for life
Appointed by President but approved by Senate

4. Questions What is the job of the Supreme Court?
How many justices are on the court?
How long do they serve?
How do they get their jobs?

5. Marbury vs. Madison In 1803 James Madison vs. William Marbury
Defined the courts right to determine whether a law violates the Constitution
The Constitution is the Supreme Law of the Land
Set up Judicial Review

6. Questions When was Marbury v. Madison? What was argued?
What was the supremacy clause?
Where is it in the US Constitution?
What does judicial review mean?
Do we still have it today?

7. Gideon vs. Wainwright In 1963
Gideon accused of breaking into a pool hall
This was a felony (crime) under the Florida law

8. Trial
Gideon appeared in court without a lawyer because he could not afford one
He asked the courts to appoint (give) him a lawyer BUT they denied his request

9. Gideon Appeals courts decision
While in prison he researched his case
He read the 6th Amendment
The 6th Amendment sets up …Right to an attorney

10. Supreme Courts decision
The Supreme court heard his case
Ruled that a defendant cannot have a fair trial without a lawyer
State must provide a lawyer if you cannot afford one

11. Miranda vs. Arizona Ernesto Miranda vs. Arizona 1966
After he was arrested he was questioned by police

12. Trial Miranda made an oral and written confession
At his trial police testified that they…
Warned him that a written statement could be used against him
Had not warned him that an oral statement could be used against him
Nor had they told him he had the right to an attorney

13. Supreme Court Decision
Since the Police did not warn Miranda about the oral statement and the right to an attorney it went to the Supreme Court
The Supreme Court overturned Miranda’s conviction
Violated his 5th Amendment: right to remain silent
Violated his 6th Amendment: right to an attorney
The Miranda Right must be read to you