1. Imperialism Notes

2. IMPERIALISM
Extending a stronger country’s rule over weaker lands to demonstrate its political, economic and military power.

3. Background: Industrialization Empowers Europe
By 1850, France, Germany and other European countries were challenging British industry
Increased production result in the need to expand markets
Manufacturers needed access to raw material
The Industrial revolution provides the power, money and drive to expand
Countries of Western Europe eager to be the best.

5. Motives for Imperialism
#1 – Religious
#2 – Economic
#3 – Militarism/Nationalism
#4 – Exploratory
#5 – Ideological

6. MOTIVE #1 – Religious
The desire to spread Christianity, protect European missionaries in other lands, to spread European values and moral beliefs, to educate peoples of other cultures.

7. MOTIVE #2 – Economic The desire to make money
Expand and control foreign trade
Create new markets for products
To acquire raw materials and cheap labor
To compete for investments and resources
To export industrial technology and transportation methods.

8. MOTIVE #3 – Militarism/Nationalism
The desire to maintain a strong military force and become the most powerful nation.
To compete with other European countries
To expand territory
The ability to defend its territories and protect its interests.
To gain prestige by winning colonies, and boost national pride and security.
To occupy strategic locations that assured control of nearby areas

9. MOTIVE #4 – Exploratory Explore “unknown” or uncharted territory
To conduct scientific research, medical searches for the causes and treatment of diseases
For adventure, and investigate “unknown” lands and cultures.

10. MOTIVE #5 – Ideological
Values such as the belief that the white race was superior, other cultures were “primitive,” Europeans should “civilize” peoples in other parts of the world.
Great nations should have empires, and only the strongest nations will survive.

11. STOP – Mini Summary
Picture ruling your own country during the Age of Imperialism. Using your own values, rank the motives in order from most important to least important. Then explain why for your first choice only in a brief paragraph.

12. The British Empire

13. “The Sun Never Sets on the British Empire”
This quote means that the British empire stretched across the globe

14. Types of British Colonies
Protectorate- natives run the govt. but is overseen by an imperial nation
Sphere of influence- an imperial nation has exclusive rights in a foreign country
Economic Imperialism- a business/corporation controls a foreign country

15. Britain in India India was a British colony
British East India Company controlled India
India was Britain’s most valuable colony
“Britain’s Jewel in the Crown”

16. Impact of Colonialism in India
Negative: Britain held most of the political and economic power.
Family farms were replaced with cash crops
Reduced food production for the Indian people
Positive: India had the world’s 3rd largest railroad network. RR helped modernize India’s economy. Sanitation, public health, and education improved

17. Nationalism Surfaces in India
Indians wanted independence in the 1900s
Mohandas Gandhi led the movement
Passive resistance was used to encourage reform without using violence
MLK Jr would use Gandhi’s approach to fight for civil rights in the 1960s
MLK Jr called his version “civil disobedience”

18. Imperialism in China
China became a sphere of influence for the western powers
Western powers used military, political, and economic pressure in order to gain control in China
The U.S. proposed an Open Door Policy in China

20. Imperialism in Japan Had been isolated from 1100-1860
Japan began to compete with western powers
Japan began to build its own empire:
Korea
Taiwan

22. Review Industrialization The need for more resources
Colonization of weaker nations
Competition among European nations
Military growth
WWI