1. The Birth of Farming
Chapter 2, Section 1

2. Essential question:
Why was the domestication of plants and animals important?

3. Out With the Old, In With the New
Paleolithic age: “Old Stone Age”
2.5 million – 10,000 years ago
Neolithic age: “New Stone Age”
10,000-3,000 years ago

4. Changing Earth Last Ice Age ended 12,000 years ago Temperatures rose
Rainfall patterns changed
Glaciers receded
Sea levels rose

5. Neolithic Agricultural Revolution
Revolution: a complete change in the ways of thinking, working, or living
Hunting and gathering replaced by farming
Nomadic people settled in areas near rivers or lakes
Fertile soil, fresh water

6. Modifying the environment
Humans change the land to meet their needs
How Environment Was Changed
How It Benefitted Humans
Using tools and fire to clear trees and bushes
Grasslands grew; attracted grazing animals such as deer
Scattering seeds on ground
New plants grew there next year

7. Domesticating Plants & Animals
Domestication: to change the growth of plants or behavior of animals in ways that are beneficial to humans
Domestication = Birth of farming

8. Examples of Domestication
What was Domesticated
How It Helped Early Humans
Dogs
Provided help with hunts, companionship, protection
Horses and oxen
Work animals
Chicken, pigs, cattle
Eggs, milk, meat
Sheep and llamas
Wool for clothing

9. Domesticating Plants Selecting certain seeds to produce better crops
Quality = larger sized items (Ex. Tomatoes)
Quantity = more of a crop (Ex. Field of wheat)

10. New Way of Life needs new tools
Use
Axe
Cut down trees to make farmland
Sickle
Harvest grain crops

11. Stone tools replaced by metals
Humans later developed new technologies and created better tools using metal instead of stone
Different Periods Named for Materials Used
Stone = Stone Age
Bronze = Bronze Age
Iron = Iron Age