1. Active numerical model of human body for reconstruction of falls from height 
Marcin Milanowicz, Krzysztof Kędzior 
Forensic Science International 
Volume 270, Pages (January 2017)
DOI: /j.forsciint
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2. Fig. 1
The scheme of connecting the motion system model to the numerical human body model: A—motion system model; B—numerical human body model; 1—examples of point-restraint connectors; 2—examples of kinematic pairs simulating human joints which were set with motion-defining functions.
Forensic Science International  , DOI: ( /j.forsciint )
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3. Fig. 2
An example of the initial phase of the fall simulation taking into account the human reaction after the loss of balance.
Forensic Science International  , DOI: ( /j.forsciint )
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4. Fig. 3 Positioning of the human body model on the plate model.
Forensic Science International  , DOI: ( /j.forsciint )
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5. Fig. 4
Sequences of fall kinematics with the use of developed initial conditions.
Forensic Science International  , DOI: ( /j.forsciint )
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6. Fig. 5
Time-course of the acceleration of the head center of mass (the starting point of the impact is marked with an arrow).
Forensic Science International  , DOI: ( /j.forsciint )
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7. Fig. 6
Time-course of the shear force measured in the neck (value 3300 indicates a limit; after exceeding it, there is a high probability of injuries at level AIS 4–6; the starting point of the impact is marked with an arrow).
Forensic Science International  , DOI: ( /j.forsciint )
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8. Fig. 7
Time-course of the axial force in the neck (values 1200 and 3300 indicate a range within which there is a high probability of minor injuries at level AIS 1–3; the starting point of the impact is marked with an arrow).
Forensic Science International  , DOI: ( /j.forsciint )
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9. Fig. 8
Time-course of the acceleration of the chest (the starting point of the impact is marked with an arrow).
Forensic Science International  , DOI: ( /j.forsciint )
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10. Fig. 9
Time-course of the axial force in the right tibia (value indicates a limit; after exceeding it, there is a 50% probability of tibia fracture for a 95-centile man; the starting point of the impact with the ground is marked with an arrow).
Forensic Science International  , DOI: ( /j.forsciint )
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