1. ERT 108 Physical Chemistry INTRODUCTIONby
MDM ROHAZITA BAHARI

2. COURSE STRUCTURE Course : Physical Chemistry Course Code: ERT 108
Course Type: Core
Unit : 3
Lecturers:
MDM ROHAZITA BAHARI
MDM HANNA ILYANI

3. LEARNING OUTCOMES
At the end of the course, students are expected to be:
Able to define and apply the phenomena, basic concepts, laws and principles in physical chemistry
Able to calculate and solve a problem concerning physical chemistry.
Able to illustrate various fundamental laws in physical chemistry.

4. EVALUATION CONTRIBUTION
Final Exam (50%)
Mid Term Exams (20%)
Continuous Assessment (30%)
Assignments (20%)
Quizzes (10%)

5. BOOKS
Text Book:
IRA N.LEVINE. Physical Chemistry, McGraw Hill, 6th Edition.
Reference Books:
Atkins, P and de Paula, Julia Physical Chemistry. Oxford University Press, 9th Edition.
Bahl, B.S.; Bahl, Arun & Tuli, G.D Essentials of Physical Chemistry. S. Chand, New Delhi.
Paul Monk, Physical Chemistry, John Wiley & Sons.
Levine I. N. , Physical Chemistry, McGraw Hill, 5th Edition.
Silbey R. J., Alberty R. A., Bawendi M. G Physical Chemistry, John Wiley & Son, Inc., 4th Edition.

6. Kandungan Kursus / Course Contents (Panduan/Guidelines)
LESSON PLAN
Minggu/Week
Kandungan Kursus / Course Contents
(Panduan/Guidelines)
Pensyarah/Lecturer
Week 1
(13 Feb-19 Feb)
Introduction to Physical Chemistry
What is Physical chemistry
Thermodynamics
Variables, relationship & Laws
Physical and Molecular interactions
( 3 hours )
Mdm Rohazita
Week 2-3
(20 Feb- 5 March)
2.0 The First Law of Thermodynamics
The First Law of Thermodynamics
Enthalpy
Heat Capacities
The Joule and Joule – Thomson Experiments
Perfect gases and The First Law
Calculation of First Law Quantities
(6 hours)
Week 4-5
(6 March- 19 March)
The Second Law of Thermodynamics
Heat Engines
Entropy
Calculation of entropy changes
Entropy, Reversibility and Irreversibility
The thermodynamics temperature scale
What is entropy?
( 6 hours)

7. Kandungan Kursus / Course Contents (Panduan/Guidelines)
LESSON PLAN (cont.)
Minggu/Week
Kandungan Kursus / Course Contents
(Panduan/Guidelines)
Pensyarah/Lecturer
Week 6-7
(20 March-2 Apr)
4.0 Material Equilibrium
Material Equilibrium
Thermodynamics Properties of Nonequilibrium System.
Entropy and Equilibrium
The Gibbs and Hemholtz Function
Thermodynamic Relation for a system in equilibrium
Calculation of changes in state function
Phase Equilibrium
Reaction Equilibrium
(6 hours)
Mdm Rohazita
Week 8
(3 Apr-9 Apr)
CUTI PERTENGAHAN SEMESTER/MID-TERM BREAK
Week 9
(10 Apr-16 Apr)
5.0 Standard Thermodynamic Functions of Reaction
Standard States
Standard Enthalpy of Reaction
Standard Enthalpy of Formation
Determination of standard enthalpies of Formation and Reaction
(3 hours)
Mdm Hanna Ilyani

8. Kandungan Kursus / Course Contents (Panduan/Guidelines)
LESSON PLAN (cont.)
Minggu/Week
Kandungan Kursus / Course Contents
(Panduan/Guidelines)
Pensyarah/Lecturer
Week 10
(17 Apr-23 Apr)
Reaction Equilibrium in Ideal Gas Mixture
Chemical Potential in an Ideal Gas Mixture
Ideal-Gas Reaction equilibrium
Temperature Dependence of the Equilibrium constant
Ideal-Gas equilibrium Calculations
(4 hours)
Mdm Hanna Ilyani
Week 11
(24 Apr- 30 April)
Chemical Kinetics
Experimental Chemical and Kinetic Reactions.
First Order Reactions
Second Order Reactions
Reaction Rates and Reaction Mechanisms
Light Spectroscopy and adsorption Chemistry.
Week 12
(1 May- 7May)
8.0 Phase Diagrams
Definitions
The Phase Rule
Two-component Systems
Vapour Pressure Diagrams
Temperature-composition Diagrams
Liquid-liquid Phase Diagrams
Liquid-solid Phase Diagrams
Mdm Hanna
Ilyani

9. Kandungan Kursus / Course Contents (Panduan/Guidelines)
LESSON PLAN (cont.)
Minggu/Week
Kandungan Kursus / Course Contents
(Panduan/Guidelines)
Pensyarah/Lecturer
Week 13-14
(8 May- 21 May)
9.0 Equilibrium Electrochemistry
Half-reactions and electrodes
Varieties of Cells
The Electromotive Force
Standard Potentials
Applications of standard potentials
Impact on Biochemistry : Energy Conversion in Biological Cells
(6 hours)
Mdm Hanna Ilyani
Week 15
(22 May-28 May)
MINGGU ULANGKAJI / REVISION WEEK
Week 16-17
(29 May -11 June)
PEPERIKSAAN AKHIR SEMESTER / FINAL EXAMINATION

10. INTRODUCTION TO PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY
Physical Chemistry is not a “memory-based”, learn-by-rote discipline, but in centered upon problem-based learning.
Start working on problems with the equation sheet.
View animations and use other web resources.

11. INTRODUCTION TO PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY
Physical chemistry is a study of the physical basis of phenomena related to the chemical composition and structure of substances. Or
Physical chemistry is quantitative and theoretical study of the properties and structure of matter, and their relation to the interaction of matter with energy.

12. INTRODUCTION TO PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY
This course serves as an introduction to chemical thermodynamics, giving u an understanding of basic principles, laws, and theories of physical chemistry that are necessary for chemistry, biochemistry, pre-medical, general science and engineering students.
You will develop the ability to solve quantitative problems and learn to use original thought and logic in the solution of the problems and derivation of equations.
You will learn to apply mathematic in chemistry in such a way that the equations paint a clear picture of the physical phenomena.

13. INTRODUCTION TO PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY
What is Physical Chemistry?
the study of the underlying physical principles that govern the properties & behaviour of chemical systems.
Chemical system
Macroscopic
Large-scale properties of matter
Microscopic
Concepts of molecules

14. AREAS OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY
Can be classified into 4 main areas:
Quantum chemistry
Statistical mechanics
Thermodynamics
Kinetics

15. AREAS OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY
Quantum chemistry:
application of quantum mechanics to atomic structure, molecular bonding & spectroscopy
Thermodynamics: Macroscopic science that studies:
i. the interrelationships of the various equilibrium properties of a system &
ii. the changes in equilibrium properties in process

16. AREAS OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY
Statistical mechanics:
relate quantum chemistry with thermodynamics.
Gives insight into why laws of thermodynamics hold & allows calculation of macroscopic thermodynamic properties from molecular properties.
Kinetics:
study of rate processes.
Examples: chemical reaction, diffusion & flow of charge in an electrochemical cell.

17. THERMO = heat DYNAMICS = power Heat + power + work
Basically concerned with the change of energy
DYNAMICS
= power

18. THERMODYNAMICS
Is the study of heat, work, energy and the changes they produce in the state of the systems.
Work
Work is done to achieve motion against an opposing force
Example: process of raising a weight against the pull of gravity
Energy
Energy is the capacity to do work
Heat
Heat is the transfer of energy as a results of a temperature difference between the system & it surroundings

19. Thermodynamic- Basic concepts
Universe
System
Part of the universe under study in thermodynamics
Eg: reaction vessel, engine, biological cell
Surroundings
The region outside the system that can interact with the system

20. Thermodynamic- Basic concepts
Type of system:
Matter
System
System
System
Energy
Energy
Open system
(can exchange matter & energy)
Closed system
(no transfer of matter
can exchange energy)
Isolated system
(can exchange neither
energy nor matter)

21. Thermodynamic- Basic concepts
Walls: a system may be separated from its surrounding by various kind of walls:
Rigid or nonrigid (movable)
Permeable (allow matter to pass through) or impermeable
Adiabatic (does not conduct heat at all) or nonadiabatic

22. An adiabatic (isolated) system in one that does not permit the passage of energy as heat through its boundary even if there is a temperature different between and its surrounding. It has adiabatic walls.
A diathermic (close) system is one that allows energy to escape as heat through its boundary if there is a difference in temperature between the system and its surroundings. It has diathermic walls.

23. Thermodynamic Properties
Extensive property : property that depends on the amount of substance present in the sample
Eg: mass, volume
Intensive property: property that is independent of the amount of substance
E.g., mass density, pressure and temperature)