1. Sin & Its Consequences

2. Original Innocence Original Holiness Original Justice
The state of being in complete communion with God
Original Justice
The state of being in complete harmony with each other and nature

3. “O Happy Fault” Original Sin Salvation History Rejection of God’s gift
Misuse of free will
Results in consequences for all of humanity
“As a result of original sin, human nature is weakened in its powers, subject to ignorance, suffering, and the domination of death, and inclined to sin (this inclination is called "concupiscence").
Salvation History
History of God’s saving action that focuses on how God saves us from sin and death.
Culminates in Jesus and the Paschal Mystery
"O happy fault, O necessary sin of Adam, which gained for us so great a Redeemer!“ St. Augustine

4. Sin the Old Testament Rebelling against God
Begins with the disobedience of God’s command not to “eat of the tree of the knowledge of good and evil”
Grumble against God in the desert and build the golden calf
Passages speak of the Israelites as a “rebellious and stiff-necked people”
We rebel because we want to be in control

5. Sin the Old Testament “Missing the Mark”
Missing the goal of holiness
Gideon worships a golden idol
Samson marries a foreign woman
Sons of Samuel take bribes and pervert justice
David commits adultery and murder
Solomon oppresses the people and worships false gods
Consequences of Sin-OT thought
Sin affects ones children and the community
God directly punishes them for their sin
God withdraws his support

6. Sin in the New Testament
Missing the Mark or falling short of God’s will
Crossing a boundary established by God
Breaking the Natural Moral law
Everyone, except Jesus and Mary, is affected by original sin and, therefore, is subject to death and a weakened nature, prone to evil
Contrasts of light/ dark, truth/ lies

7. Consequences of Sin “The wages of sin is death”
“The eternal fire prepared for the devil and his angels”
Hell is the ultimate consequence
Hell is the absence of God who is love, goodness, beauty, truth, peace, and justice
God does not directly punish sinners or their descendants.
God lets the sun shine on both the good and the evil; He lets the rain fall on the good and the evil.
Luke 13: 1-5 “…do you think that they were more guilty than others in Jerusalem? Buy no means”

8. What is a Sin?
An offense against God as well as a fault against reason, truth, and right conscience
A deliberate thought, word, action or omission contrary to the Eternal Law of God
The gravity of sin can be classified as venial or mortal

9. How do we Sin? Object Intention
The act, word or thought that is chosen
Intention
The goal of the person choosing the action
In order for an action to be moral, both the object and intention must be good
Circumstance
The situation, condition or facts affecting the decision.
This can either increase or decrease the goodness or evil of the action

10. Types of Sin Commission/ Omission Mortal/ Venial
Commission: A direct result of a freely chosen thought, word or deed
Omission: A result of a failure to do something required by God’s Moral Law
Mortal/ Venial
Venial: a less serious offense that damages our relationship with God.
Related to vices, habits of bad actions
Virtues are the opposite of vices; they are habits of good actions
Mortal: A offense so contrary to the will of God that it results in a complete separation from God and his grace.

11. Criteria for Mortal Sin
Grave matter
Against the commandments
Knowledge of the evil of the offense
Knows the action is wrong
Full consent
Commits the action of his/her own free will, without coercion, real or imagined

12. Capital Sins
Seven sins that are particularly harmful because they lead to and reinforce other sins and vices.
Pride
Believing you are better than someone else
Avarice
Greediness toward material things, and money
Envy
Uncontrolled resentment toward another’s success
Wrath
Anger that prevents reconciliation and promotes vengeance
Lust
Uncontrolled desire for self-enjoyment, especially of a sexual nature
Gluttony
Excessive eating or drinking or an obsession with either
Sloth
Habitual laziness that hinders fulfilling obligations

13. Social Sin
A collective effect of many personal sins over time, which corrupts society and institutions by creating structures of sin
“Isms”
Racism
Anti-Semitism
Ageism
sexism
Right to life issues
Abortion
Euthanasia
Capital punishment
Oppression
Slavery
Institutionalized poverty

14. Human Dignity
All persons are created in God’s image and likeness therefore every human being has infinite worth and dignity.
Social Justice
The defense of human dignity by ensuring that essential human needs are met and that essential human rights are protected: fight against social sin
Common Good
Social conditions that allow for all citizens of the earth, individuals and families, to meet basic needs and achieve fulfillment

15. Forgiveness
Jesus teaches that we need to practice generous forgiveness.
He teaches the importance of forgiveness through the parables of the Lost Sheep, the Unforgiving Servant, and the Prodigal Son.
In the Sermon on the Mount he teaches that we must also practice loving forgiveness, explaining that we will be judged in the same way we judge others.
Jesus tells Peter that we must forgive seventy-seven times—by which he means an unlimited number of times.
Above all, Christ wants us to understand that God is primarily waiting to forgive us, not to condemn us.