1. Phylogeny
Chapter 25

2. What you need to know!
The taxonomic categories and how they indicate relatedness.
How systematics is used to develop phylogenetic trees.
The three domains of life including their similarities and their differences.

3. Taxonomy Carolus Linnaeus (1701-1778)
Mostly morphological (grouping, separating organism due to body plans)
Latin based binomial nomenclature:
Each species is ID’d by genus (capital letter) and species (lower case)
Canis familiaris, Canis lupus, Felix domestica, Homo Sapien

4. Bionomial Nomenclature
Canis familiaris
Canis lupus
Felix domestica
Malus domestica
Homo Sapien
Names organisms and their relationships from very broad to very specific

5. All organisms classified in a hierarchy
Taxon Memory Wolf
Domain (broad) Did Eukarya
Kingdom King Animalia
Phylum Philip Chordata
Class Come Mammalia
Order Over Carnivora
Family From Canidae
Genus Germany Canis
Species (specific) Singing Lupus

6. Cladistics
Grouping organisms according to their phylogenetic (evolutionary) relationship
Using comparative morphology (taxonomy), and DNA analysis
Ancestral species placed on the bottom, with new features leading to novel descendents
Displays divergent evolution by showing new characteristics and old shared characteristics

7. Cladogram

8. Bird Cladogram

9. 3 Domains Bacteria Archaea Eucaryota
Kingdom: Eubacteria – traditional bacteria
Archaea
Kingdom: Archaebacteria – ancient bacteria
Eucaryota
Kingdoms: Protista, Fungi, Plantae, Animalia