1. Alan Brinkley, American History 15/e
Chapter 19:
From Crisis to Empire
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2. Stirrings of Imperialism
Manifest Destiny-Americans right to expand westward to civilize the natives and land and bring about democracy.
-The New Manifest Destiny
Increasing Importance of Trade-left out of global trade if did not act.
Intellectual Justifications for Imperialism-nations and races struggled for domination and the fittest survive. Laws of nature.
Alfred Thayer Mahan-argued that naval power lead to global political power. Advocated build up of navy and establishment of bases in the Caribbean, and takoverof Hawaii and other Pacific islands. By 1900 US had world’s third largest navy.
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3. American Empire https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6fD7ew69wiI
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4. Stirrings of Imperialism
IMPERIALISM AT HIGH TIDE: 1900
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5. Stirrings of Imperialism
IMPERIALISM AT HIGH TIDE: 1900
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6. Background to American Imperialism Background to American Imperialism:
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7. Stirrings of Imperialism
Hawaii and Samoa
Self-Sufficient Societies
Queen Liliuokalani-
Acquisition of Samoa
Hawaiian sugarcane plantation (Hawaii State Archives)
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8. War with Spain Controversy over Cuba-yellow journalism
Cuban Revolt
The Maine
“A Splendid Little War”
Supply and Mobilization Problems
-Only 460 soldiers died in battle. 5,200 died of disease,malaria, dysentery, and typhoid
- racial tensions.
Seizing the Philippines-May 1, 1898
Commodore George Dewey seized Manila Bay with barely a shot fired.
Spain surrendered.
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9. War with Spain The Battle for Cuba Puerto Rico and the United States
The Rough Riders
Puerto Rico and the United States
Annexation of Puerto Rico-Foraker Act-made PR a US territory-still today.
Sugar Economy
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10. THE SPANISH-AMERICAN WAR IN CUBA, 1898
War with Spain
THE SPANISH-AMERICAN WAR IN CUBA, 1898
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11. War with Spain The Debate over the Philippines
The Philippines Question
Options: 1. Make a colony. 2. Give independence. 3. Make an American state
Anti-Imperialist League
Election of 1900
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12. Your Group’s Task Step 1: Presenting the Views from the Documents
Each group member, pretending to be the person who wrote their assigned document, should present that person's view on annexation to the rest of the group.  The recorder should make note of pro and con arguments on the chart.
Step 2: Debate
When everyone has presented his or her view, you should continue discussing and debating the question of U.S. annexation.  You should use the documents and their authors as the basis for the debate; they should strive to STAY IN CHARACTER.
Step 3: Reaching a Consensus
By the end of the debate, group members should try to reach a consensus--a compromise on which everyone can agree--about what position the U.S. should take on the question of annexing the Philippines.  Participants should refer to their answers from Step 2.  
Step 4: Report to the Class
Members of each group should share with their classmates what kind of consensus they reached.  If the group was unable to reach a consensus, they should explain why not.  
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13. The Republic as Empire Governing the Colonies
Platt Amendment-Came about because Cuba refused to include mention of US in its new constitution. US Congress responded with the amendment in It barred Cuba from making treaties with other nations; gave the US the right to intervene in Cuba to preserve independence, life, and property; required Cuba to permit American naval stations on its territory. Hence Guantanamo today!
American Economic Dominance
The Philippine War-America’s least mentioned war. One of its longest-14 years. One of the most vicious American deaths, around 50,000 Philippine deaths. Brutal guerilla tactics similar to pattern by Spanish Gen. Weyler in Cuba.
Emilio Aguinaldo
Growing Economic Dependence
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14. THE AMERICAN SOUTH PACIFIC EMPIRE, 1900
The Republic as Empire
THE AMERICAN SOUTH PACIFIC EMPIRE, 1900
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15. Filipino prisoners (Library of Congress)
The Republic as Empire
Filipino prisoners (Library of Congress)
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16. Spheres of Influence in China
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17. The Republic as Empire The Open Door A Modern Military System
Hay’s “Open Door Notes”
Boxer Rebellion
A Modern Military System
What was learned?
Root’s Military Reforms-Elihu Root Sec. of War
Determined that if America had fought a more capable foe it would have lost.
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