1. The Circulatory System

2. Function Of Circulatory System - Heart pumps blood into blood vessels (arteries, veins, capillaries) - Blood vessels transport blood throughout body - Blood carries Oxygen and nutrients to the cells and wastes away from the cells Artery- Carries blood Away from the heart Vein- Carries blood To the heart Carotid arteries- 2 of them; carries blood from heart to the brain Jugular veins- 3 of them; returns blood to the heart from the neck and face

3. Heart: has a “septum” that divides it into 2 halves with 2 chambers each. Atrium- Upper chambers through which blood enters the heart Ventricle- Lower chambers through which blood leaves the heart The Right Atrium is larger than the Left Atrium. Why? Blood comes to the Right Atrium from EVERYWHERE. It comes to the Left Atrium ONLY from lungs.

4. Circulation Of Blood
Blood with CO2 is brought into the Rt Atrium by the Superior and Inferior Vena Cava (largest vessels in the body)
To the Rt Ventricle and pumped into the Pulmonary Artery
Pulmonary Artery takes it to the lungs to exchange CO2 for O2
Blood with O2 returns to the heart through Pulmonary Vein
Pulmonary Vein gives blood to Left Atrium
Transferred to Left Ventricle and pumped to body through Aorta (Aortic Arch=“Big Arch”)

5. Blood: Delivers hormones, O2, and nutrients to cells and takes wastes away; 55% of blood is plasma- the fluid portion of blood, or lymph, in which RBCs, WBCs, and platelets are suspended (92% water) Red blood cells- the most common type of blood cell and an organism's main means of delivering oxygen to the body; contain a special protein called hemoglobin which helps carry oxygen from the lungs to the rest of the body. Hemoglobin is rich in iron and gives blood its red color. White blood cells- Prevent/fight infection; larger than RBCs but far fewer in number; during infection the number increases (building an army; RBCs decrease) Platelet- Smallest type of blood cell; causes clotting (scabs)

6. Care/Problems: Most problems of the heart are under our control (smoking; weight management) 1. Blood pressure- pressure on the inner walls of the arteries; exerted by the blood 2. Hypertension- high blood pressure- smoking, obesity, poor diet 3. Congenital- anything that occurs at birth; innate (ex. - congenital heart defect) 4. Anemia- low levels of hemoglobin; cells don’t get enough O2 (Low # of RBCs); pale skin, weakness, breathlessness 5. Leukemia- a type of cancer that affects the blood and bone marrow; the bone marrow produces abnormal white blood cells which don't function properly 6. Hemophilia- genetic disorder, more common in males, in which the blood does not clot properly to stop bleeding