1. HEAT
the transfer of thermal energy from hot objects to cold objects through
collision of particles
Units=Joules

2. Thermal Energy
the total kinetic and potential
energy of an object
Units = Joules

3. Temperature a measure of the average molecular motion of a substance
(if temp is high-KE is high)

4. Energy Transfer- (3 ways)
1. Conduction – transfer of thermal energy by direct molecular contact with no transfer of matter (materials need to touch)
Ex: Your hand will get burnt when you touch a hot burner

5. 2. Convection – transfer of thermal energy by the flowing action within a liquid or a gas.
Ex: A furnace circulates warm air to the colder areas of the room

6. 3. Radiation – transfer of energy through space in the form of waves.
Ex: Thermal energy from the sun travels through space to the earth

7. Three Laws of Thermodynamics
1.Energy is conserved in a system.
2.Heat can only flow from cold objects to hot objects when work is done on the system.
3.Absolute zero can never be reached.

8. Chemical Reactions and Heat
Exothermic Reactions-reactions that release heat energy when chemical bonds are broken.
Ex.) burning wood, hand warmers

9. Endothermic- reactions that absorb heat
Ex) cold pack

10. When a substance is heated-
The motion of the particles increase
The number of collisions increase
The volume of the substance increases