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The Obesity Paradox in Kidney Disease: How to Reconcile It With Obesity Management
Kamyar Kalantar-Zadeh, Connie M. Rhee, Jason Chou, S. Foad Ahmadi, Jongha Park, Joline L.T. Chen, Alpesh N. Amin Kidney International Reports Volume 2, Issue 2, Pages (March 2017) DOI: /j.ekir Copyright © 2017 International Society of Nephrology Terms and Conditions
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Figure 1 Reverse association of body mass index (BMI) and survival in patients with advanced chronic kidney disease (CKD) as compared to the general population. Kidney International Reports 2017 2, DOI: ( /j.ekir ) Copyright © 2017 International Society of Nephrology Terms and Conditions
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Figure 2 Obesity is a risk factor for chronic kidney disease (CKD), yet it protects against CKD-associated death. ESRD, end-stage renal disease. Kidney International Reports 2017 2, DOI: ( /j.ekir ) Copyright © 2017 International Society of Nephrology Terms and Conditions
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Figure 3 Three hypothetical “causal” models of the weight loss and death associations in chronic kidney disease (CKD) and the role of protein−energy wasting (PEW). Kidney International Reports 2017 2, DOI: ( /j.ekir ) Copyright © 2017 International Society of Nephrology Terms and Conditions
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Figure 4 Putative mechanisms of the survival advantages of obesity in chronic kidney disease (CKD). BP, blood pressure. Kidney International Reports 2017 2, DOI: ( /j.ekir ) Copyright © 2017 International Society of Nephrology Terms and Conditions
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