1. Report to Delta Review: Hadronic Validation
19 January 2009
CERN

2. Outline Overview of hadronics validation
Responses to reviewers’ recommendations 18 and 19 2

3. Overview of Hadronics Validation

4. Description of Low Energy and Cascade Benchmarks
cern.ch/vnivanch/tests.shtml
Test30
Low energy/spallation
Test35
HARP data (medium energy)
Test45
Neutron yield 4

5. Test30 p + A → n + X 22 Al, Zr, Fe [1], 1980 35 Zr, Pb [2], 1976
E (MeV)
Element
Reference 22
Al, Zr, Fe
[1], 1980 35
Zr, Pb
[2], 1976
70, 100, 150, 210 Li
[14], 1999
113
Al, Be, C, Fe, Pb
[3], 1989
256
Al, Be, Fe, Pb
[4], 1992
[5], 1993
800
1000
Al, Cu, Pb
[6], 2005
1200
Al, W, Zr
[7], 2002
1500
Al, C, Fe, Pb, In
1600
3000
Inclusive neutron prod

6. Test 30 n + A → p + X Test 30 p + A → p + X Test 30 n + A → n + X
E (MeV)
Element
Reference
5, 25, 50 Si
[8], 1999 11 Cu
[9], 1987 14 Ni
[10], 1972 63 Bi
[11], 2003
Test 30 p + A → p + X
E (MeV)
Element
Reference
100 Ni
[12], 1991
200
Test 30 n + A → n + X
E (MeV)
Element
Reference 65 Pb
[13], 1996 Fe

7. Low Energy Benchmarks (Test 30)7

8. Test 35 p + A → π± + X Data from large angle HARP experiment:
0.35 – 2.15 radians
Proton beam energies: 3, 5, 8, 8.9, 12 GeV/c
Targets: Be, Al, C, Cu, Sn, Ta, Pb
Pion momentum: 0.1 – 0.7 GeV/c
Data from forward angle HARP experiment
0.03 – 0.21 radians
Proton and π± beam energies: 3, 5, 8, 8.9, 12, 12.9 GeV/c
Targets: Be, C, N, O, Al, Cu, Sn, Ta, Pb
Pion momentum: 0.5 – 8.0 GeV/c
Accuracy of the data about
10% for proton beam
10-50% for pion data due to limited statistic 8

9. Large-angle HARP Data
G4 9.2beta 9

10. Test 45 Neutron Yield (p,nX) on C, Ta, W
double differential flux at 50 MeV incident 10

11. (p, nX)Ta at 50 MeV 11

12. Description of Medium Energy Benchmarks
geant4.fnal.gov/hadronic_validation/validation_plots.htm
1.4 – 9.0 GeV (p,pX) on Be, C, Cu, Pb, U
Bayukov, 1985
Invariant cross section vs kinetic energy
1.4 – 5.0 GeV (p+,p), (p+,n) on Be, C, Cu, Pb, U
14.6 GeV/c (p,p+X), (p,p-X) on Be, Al, Cu, Au
Abbot, 1992
Invariant cross section vs transverse mass
14.6 GeV/c (p,pX) on Cu 12

13. 7.5 GeV (p,pX) on Pb 13

14. 7.5 GeV (p,nX) on C 14

15. Description of High Energy Benchmarks
geant4.fnal.gov/hadronic_validation/validation_plots.htm
100 GeV/c (p-,p-X), (p-,p+ X) on Au
Whitmore, 1994
dN/dy vs y (rapidity)
158 GeV/c (p,pX) on C
NA49, 2007
Double differential cross section vs pT, xF
250 GeV/c (p+, charged) on Al, Au
NA22, 1991
Double particle density vs y
320 geV/c (p-,p-X), (p-,p+ X) on Au
dN/dpT vs pT, dN/dy vs y
400 GeV/c (p,p+X) on Ta
Bayukov, 1980
Invariant cross section vs kinetic energy 15

16. NA GeV/c (QGSP) 16

17. NA GeV/c (FTFP) 17

18. Ion-Ion Validation
Testing QMD, Binary Light Ion and Abrasion/Ablation models
Validation against triple-differential cross sections (E,q, fragment A)
Kwiatkowski et al., Phys.Rev.Lett. 50,1648 (1983)
fragment energy from protons on Al
Validation against double differential cross sections (E,q)
H. Sato et al., Phys. Rev. C 64, (2001)
neutron yield from C+C, C+Al, C+Cu, C+Pb 18

19. 135 AMeV Ne + Cu -> n + X 19

20. C12 290MeV/n on Carbon Secondary neutron spectra
+ Data
+ G4BinaryCascade
+ G4QMD 20

21. QMD and Binary Light Ion Cascade compared to
triple differential cross sections
(A = 27)
Fragment energy (MeV) 21

22. QMD and Binary Light Ion Cascade compared to Triple Differential Cross Sections
Fragment energy (MeV) 22

23. Responses to Recommendations 18 and 19

24. Recommendation 18: populate database with relevant experimental data and validations
Number of validations and data sets has grown significantly in last few years
growth will continue
Have succeeded in concentrating all results at two points of access
geant4.fnal.gov/hadronic_validation/validation_plots.htm
cern.ch/vnivanch/tests.shtml
Plan eventually to have a single point of access for all hadronic results 24

25. Recommendation 18: populate database with relevant experimental data and validations
Test30, test35, test45
cern.ch/vnivanch/tests.shtml
Low energy, spallation and cascade region validations plus references to all data
medium energy validations from HARP
Validation web page (see Results and Publications on Geant4 web page)
geant4.fnal.gov/hadronic_validation/validation_plots.htm
medium energy validation + data list and references
high energy validations
validations done by ATLAS and CMS 25

26. Recommendation 19: benchmarking against other Monte Carlo codes
Geant4/FLUKA benchmarking performed as part of LCG simulation validation project
lcgapp.cern.ch/project/simu/validation
Participated in Hadronic Shower Simulation Workshop 2006, planning for 2009
head-to-head comparisons with MCNPX, Mars, FLUKA, PHITS
Nominally every 1.5 to 2 years, delayed until 2009
We are participating in IAEA Spallation benchmarks
nds121/iaea.org/alberto/mediawiki /index.php /Main_Page
comparisons with FLUKA, MCNPX, Geant4, among others
could be recurring 26

27. Recommendation 19: benchmarking against other Monte Carlo codes
We participate in SATIF benchmarking
nea.fr/html/science/meetings/SATIF-9/satif.html
neutron propagation and shielding benchmarking held every two years
Geant4, MCNPX, FLUKA, PHITS
Preliminary discussions with MCNPX developers to enable head-to-head comparisons with Geant4
requires method of sharing MCNPX input files
Such meetings are for now the best way to do head-to-head comparisons
do not have sufficient expertise in other codes within collaboration to do comparisons by ourselves
best to have code authors do it 27