1. Classical Greece
4-3

2. Persia Ionian Greek Cities in W. Asia Minor 490 BC – Marathon
26 Miles from Athens
Xerxes
Defensive league under Spartans
Athenians build navy
200 vessels
Xerxes 180,000 Troops and hundreds of warships
7,000 including 300 Spartans
Athenians were threatened and abandoned city
479 Greeks formed a large army and defeated Persian army at Platea

3. Athenian Empire Took over leadership of the Greek world
Delian League (in Delos)
Attack Persian Empire
Pericles created direct democracy
Any male over the age of 18 could vote
Ostracism – a name of a harmful person written by 6,000 people on a pot was exiled for 10 years
Expansion because there was a lack of fertile soil

4. Peloponnesian War 431 BC Strategies
Athenian were to remain behind the city’s walls and receive supplies from their colonies and navy
Sparta surrounded Athens and hoped they would send out their army
Plague hit Athens 428
Pericles died 429, Athens continued fighting for another 25 years
Aegospotami
Athenian navy defeated
End of Greek Empire
Sparta, Athens, Thebes struggled to dominate Greece

5. Classical Greek Culture
4-4

6. Architecture & Sculpture
Temple, dedicated to a god or goddess
Acropolis
Parthenon
Sculpture
Perfect male form
Often nude
Standard of Ideal Beauty
Drama
Tragedies
Good and evil, rights of individuals, nature of divine forces, nature of human beings

7. Alexander & Hellenistic Era
4-5

8. Macedonians Invade Greece
Philip II
Admirer of Greek culture
Battle of Chaeronea 338 BC
Crushes the Greeks
Alexander the Great 20 yo became king
Desire for glory and empire, and avenge Persian burning of Athens in 480 BC
Invade Asia Minor and free Ionian Greeks, Syria, Egypt by 332 BC
Alexander, Egypt – most important city in Mediterranean world

9. 326 BC he reached India
Babylon he planed more conquest
323 BS at age of 32 he dies, exhausted form wounds, fever and too much alcohol
Alexander spread the Greek language, architecture, literature, art and religious diversity

10. Hellenistic Era Hellenistic - ‘to imitate Greeks”
Macedonia, Syria, Pergamum, Egypt
Alexandria, Egypt had largest library with 500,000 scrolls
Baths, theaters, temples
Kings were willing to spend a lot of money
Very little literature survived but a lot was written
Astronomy and Mathematics flourished
Aristarchus – Sun was center, earth rotated around it
Eratosthenes – Earth was round 24,675 miles (within 185 miles of the actual figure)

11. Hellenistic Era Archimedes – Geometry of spheres and cylinders
Mathematical constant pi
Archimedes screw
Machine used to pump water out of mines
Epicureanism, founded by Epicurus
Happiness was the pursuit of pleasure, the only true good
Freedom from emotional turmoil and worry
Free yourself from public activity