1. On- and Off-road Emergency Response (within 1.0 minutes)
Minimum travel-time considering on- and off-road travel by truck, ATV and hiking…
Time from HQ = 1.0 minutes
“splash”
HQ start
HQ start
Estimated response time in minutes
ATV
Hiking
Truck
(Berry)

2. On- and Off-road Emergency Response (within 2.0 minutes)
Minimum travel-time considering on- and off-road travel by truck, ATV and hiking…
Time from HQ = 2.0 minutes
HQ start
HQ start
Estimated response time in minutes
ATV
Hiking
Truck
(Berry)

3. On- and Off-road Emergency Response (within 3.0 minutes)
Minimum travel-time considering on- and off-road travel by truck, ATV and hiking…
Time from HQ = 3.0 minutes
HQ start
HQ start
Estimated response time in minutes
ATV
Hiking
Truck
(Berry)

4. On- and Off-road Emergency Response (within 4.0 minutes)
Minimum travel-time considering on- and off-road travel by truck, ATV and hiking…
Time from HQ = 4.0 minutes
HQ start
HQ start
Estimated response time in minutes
ATV
Hiking
Truck
(Berry)

5. On- and Off-road Emergency Response (within 5.0 minutes)
Minimum travel-time considering on- and off-road travel by truck, ATV and hiking…
Time from HQ = 6.0 minutes
HQ start
HQ start
Estimated response time in minutes
ATV
Hiking
Truck
(Berry)

6. On- and Off-road Emergency Response (within 8.0 minutes)
Minimum travel-time considering on- and off-road travel by truck, ATV and hiking…
Time from HQ = 8.0 minutes
HQ start
HQ start
Estimated response time in minutes
ATV
Hiking
Truck
(Berry)

7. On- and Off-road Emergency Response (within 10.0 minutes)
Minimum travel-time considering on- and off-road travel by truck, ATV and hiking…
Time from HQ = 10.0 minutes
HQ start
HQ start
Estimated response time in minutes
ATV
Hiking
Truck
(Berry)

8. On- and Off-road Emergency Response (within 15.0 minutes)
Minimum travel-time considering on- and off-road travel by truck, ATV and hiking…
Time from HQ = 15.0 minutes
HQ start
HQ start
Roaring River is an
absolute barrier
to movement…
…bridge is only place to cross
Estimated response time in minutes
ATV
Hiking
Truck
(Berry)

9. On- and Off-road Emergency Response (within 20.0 minutes)
Minimum travel-time considering on- and off-road travel by truck, ATV and hiking…
Time from HQ = 20.0 minutes
HQ start
HQ start
Estimated response time in minutes
ATV
Hiking
Truck
(Berry)

10. On- and Off-road Emergency Response (within 25.0 minutes)
Minimum travel-time considering on- and off-road travel by truck, ATV and hiking…
Time from HQ = 25.0 minutes
HQ start
HQ start
Estimated response time in minutes
ATV
Hiking
Truck
(Berry)

11. On- and Off-road Emergency Response (within 30.0 minutes)
Minimum travel-time considering on- and off-road travel by truck, ATV and hiking…
Time from HQ = 30.0 minutes
HQ start
…only ATV
and hiking
HQ start
Estimated response time in minutes
ATV
Hiking
Truck
(Berry)

12. On- and Off-road Emergency Response (within 35.0 minutes)
Minimum travel-time considering on- and off-road travel by truck, ATV and hiking…
Time from HQ = 35.0 minutes
HQ start
…only ATV
and hiking
HQ start
Estimated response time in minutes
ATV
Hiking
Truck
(Berry)

13. On- and Off-road Emergency Response (within 40.0 minutes)
Minimum travel-time considering on- and off-road travel by truck, ATV and hiking…
Time from HQ = 40.0 minutes
HQ start
…only ATV
and hiking
HQ start
Estimated response time in minutes
ATV
Hiking
Truck
(Berry)

14. On- and Off-road Emergency Response (within 45.0 minutes)
Minimum travel-time considering on- and off-road travel by truck, ATV and hiking…
Time from HQ = 45.0 minutes
HQ start
…only ATV
and hiking
HQ start
Estimated response time in minutes
ATV
Hiking
Truck
(Berry)

15. On- and Off-road Emergency Response (within 50.0 minutes)
Minimum travel-time considering on- and off-road travel by truck, ATV and hiking…
Time from HQ = 50.0 minutes
HQ start
…only ATV
and hiking
Estimated response time in minutes
ATV
Hiking
Truck
(Berry)

16. On- and Off-road Emergency Response (within 55.0 minutes)
Minimum travel-time considering on- and off-road travel by truck, ATV and hiking…
Time from HQ = 55.0 minutes
HQ start
…only ATV
and hiking
HQ start
Estimated response time in minutes
ATV
Hiking
Truck
(Berry)

17. On- and Off-road Emergency Response (within 60.0 minutes)
Minimum travel-time considering on- and off-road travel by truck, ATV and hiking…
Time from HQ = 60.0 minutes
HQ start
…only hiking
HQ start
Estimated response time in minutes
ATV
Hiking
Truck
(Berry)

18. On- and Off-road Emergency Response (within 65.0 minutes)
Minimum travel-time considering on- and off-road travel by truck, ATV and hiking…
Time from HQ = 65.0 minutes
HQ start
…only hiking
HQ start
Estimated response time in minutes
ATV
Hiking
Truck
(Berry)

19. On- and Off-road Emergency Response (within 70.0 minutes)
Minimum travel-time considering on- and off-road travel by truck, ATV and hiking…
Time from HQ = 70.0 minutes
HQ start
…only hiking
HQ start
Estimated response time in minutes
ATV
Hiking
Truck
(Berry)

20. On- and Off-road Emergency Response (within 75.0 minutes)
Minimum travel-time considering on- and off-road travel by truck, ATV and hiking…
Time from HQ = 75.0 minutes
HQ start
…only hiking
HQ start
Estimated response time in minutes
ATV
Hiking
Truck
(Berry)

21. On- and Off-road Emergency Response (within 80.0 minutes)
Minimum travel-time considering on- and off-road travel by truck, ATV and hiking…
Time from HQ = 80.0 minutes
HQ start
…only hiking
HQ start
Estimated response time in minutes
ATV
Hiking
Truck
(Berry)

22. On- and Off-road Emergency Response (within 85.0 minutes)
Minimum travel-time considering on- and off-road travel by truck, ATV and hiking…
Time from HQ = 85.0 minutes
HQ start
…only hiking
HQ start
Estimated response time in minutes
ATV
Hiking
Truck
(Berry)

23. On- and Off-road Emergency Response (within 90.0 minutes)
Minimum travel-time considering on- and off-road travel by truck, ATV and hiking…
Time from HQ = 90.0 minutes
HQ start
…only hiking
HQ start
Estimated response time in minutes
ATV
Hiking
Truck
(Berry)

24. On- and Off-road Emergency Response (within 96.0 minutes)
Minimum travel-time considering on- and off-road travel by truck, ATV and hiking…
Time from HQ = 96.0 minutes
Farthest away location (96.0 minutes)
HQ start
…only hiking
HQ start
Estimated response time in minutes
ATV
Hiking
Truck
(Berry)

25. Farthest away location Farthest away location
On- and Off-road Emergency Response (within 95.0 minutes)
Minimum travel-time considering on- and off-road travel by truck, ATV and hiking…
Elevation
Surface
2D Planimetric Map
…farthest away location is at the bottom of a steep canyon with very poor accessibility
Farthest away location
(96.0 minutes)
2D Planimetric Map
Farthest away location
(96.0 minutes)
Fact
Abstraction
Estimated response time in minutes
ATV
Hiking
Truck
Travel-time
Surface
Real 3D Space — feet
Conceptual 3D Space — minutes
(Berry)

26. On- and Off-road Emergency Response (Least Cost Path)
…like a raindrop, the “Steepest Downhill Path” identifies the optimal route (Quickest Path) as it traces the shortest but not-necessarily-straight route the accumulated travel-time wavefront took in reaching the end location.
Optimal Path draped
over 3D Travel-time Surface
Optimal Path superimposed on 2D Road Map HQ
Road = 19 min
ATV = 15 min
Hiking = 62 min
96 min
This procedure, termed Least Cost Path analysis, is a generalized map-ematical technique that can be applied to most routing applications.
For example, in routing a proposed electric transmission line, 1) engineering, environmental, legal,
land use, political and other information are translated into absolute and relative costs (suitability of conditions),
then 2) an accumulated cost surface is generated, and finally 3) the optimal path identified.
Identifying all of the nearly optimal paths (Nth optimal paths) generates a Least Cost Corridor
of best locations for identifying and assessing alternative routes.
(Berry)