1. Valuation of Forest Ecosystem Services
Nicolas Kosoy
Ecosystem Services and Economics Unit
Division of Environmental Policy Implementation

2. Valuation of Forest Ecosystem Services
Key Message
More efficient decision-making process
Social Impact
Environmental Quality
Public Participation

3. Focus: Consequences of Ecosystem Change for Human Well-being

4. Indirect Drivers of Change Direct Drivers of Change
MA Framework
Human Well-being and
Poverty Reduction
Basic material for a good life
Health
Good Social Relations
Security
Freedom of choice and action
Indirect Drivers of Change
Demographic
Economic (globalization, trade, market and policy framework)
Sociopolitical (governance and institutional framework)
Science and Technology
Cultural and Religious
Direct Drivers of Change
Changes in land use
Species introduction or removal
Technology adaptation and use
External inputs (e.g., irrigation)
Resource consumption
Climate change
Natural physical and biological drivers (e.g., volcanoes)

5. Valuation and Mainstreaming ES
The economic benefits derived from ecosystems are vital to the National economies (Forest exports USD 230 Billion, worldwide)
Economic valuation of these benefits helps to guide the wise, sustainable use of these resources
This will help sustain the National economy, while conserving the environment and alleviating poverty (1.6 billion people depend on forests)

6. How can economic values help/inform a decision-making process?
Economic evaluation studies of ES can be used to support the decision process as tools of policy advice (Born et al. 2005)
Based on efficiency- saving money
Based on social welfare- improving social conditions

7. REDD+ and Equity Equity in access Equity in decision-making
concerns the way in which individual farmers, rural communities and organisations are able to participate in emerging markets.
Equity in decision-making
concerns procedural fairness within the project framework, and relates to issues of recognition and inclusion in strategic management decisions
Equity in outcome
refers to the distribution of project outcomes across project participants, including economic payments and their perceived fairness.

8. Bundle vs Single ES REDD+ may simplify complexity
Natural complexity is disregarded for the sake of facilitating market transactions using a single ES approach

9. Use value vs Exchange value
REDD+ might disrespect plural values and worldviews
A single exchange-value denies our co-evolutionary history and imposes a worldview of a monetary market-driven socioecosystem

10. Thank You