1. October ??, 2016 Bell Work Objectives
What was the date of the Oklahoma Land Run?
Assess how whites created a segregated society in the South.
Analyze efforts to limit immigration and the effects.
Compare the situations of Mexican Americans and of women.

2. Chapter 9 Issues of the Gilded Age
Section 1: Segregation and Social Tensions Pg

3. Blacks Lose Freedoms Presidential Election 1876 Jim Crow Laws
Federal troops removed from the South
Jim Crow Laws
Kept blacks and whites segregated

4. Blacks Lose Freedoms Getting around the 15th Amendment
Poll tax- pay a fee in order to vote
Literacy tests- must pass a reading test to vote
Grandfather clauses- you can only vote if your ancestors could vote before 1866

5. New Laws Force Segregation
Jim Crow
De facto segregation- actual segregation (where you can live)
Plessy v. Ferguson (1896)
Upheld constitutionality of Jim Crow
States must maintain “separate but equal”

7. African Americans Oppose Injustices
Booker T. Washington
Born a slave
Blacks need to accommodate themselves to segregation
Build up economic resources, don’t focus on overturning Jim Crow
Tuskegee Institute- “industrial education”
W.E.B. Du Bois
Ph.D. from Harvard
Blacks should demand full and immediate equality
Ida B. Wells
Used her newspaper Free Speech to speak out against lynching

8. Chinese Face Discrimination
Chinese immigrants face racial prejudice
“Oriental school”- segregated school for Chinese
Chinese Exclusion Act- prevented immigration of Chinese laborers
Supreme Court upholds this
Saum Song Bo- outspoken activist
Yick Wo v. Hopkins (1886)
California law bans a Chinese man from operating a laundry
Supreme Court sides with Chinese
**Born of Chinese descent, can’t have citizenship taken

9. Mexican Americans Struggle
Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo
Guaranteed property rights of Mexicans living in Southwest prior to war
Most Mexican Americans lost their land
Have no “American” proof of ownership
“Santa Fe Ring”- an association of prominent whites
Convinced government to grant them control of millions of acres in NM
Las Gorras Blancas
Mexican American group who targeted property of large ranch owners
Cut holes in fences, burn houses
Alianza Hispano-Americana
To protect culture, legal rights, and interests

10. Women Gain and Suffer Susan B. Anthony & Elizabeth Cady Stanton
Formed the National Woman Suffrage Association
Fought for constitutional amendment to vote
Suffrage- voting
Anthony illegally votes in an election
Education
By 1900, 1/3 of college students are women
Reform movements
Women’s Christian Temperance Union
Prohibit sale and consumption of alcohol
Francis Willard

11. October ??, 2016 Bell Work Objectives
What black rights advocate encouraged black Americans to demand immediate and full equality?
Analyze the issue of corruption in national politics.
Discuss civil service reform during the 1870s.
Assess the importance of economic issues in the Gilded Age.

12. Issues of the Gilded Age
Political and Economic Challenges Pg

13. Balance of Power Stalemate (1877-1900)
House, Senate, and Presidency are divided
Very little legislation is passed
Weak presidents (Hays, Harrison, Garfield, Arthur)
Grover Cleveland
President with a reputation for integrity
Served two terms, not consecutive

14. Corruption “The Bosses of the Senate”- Joseph Keppler
Thomas Nast exposes “Boss” Tweed

15. Corruption Spoils System
Introduced by President Andrew Jackson
Rewarding loyalty, with little regard for qualifications
Civil Service- federal jobs in the executive branch
Assassination of Garfield
Charles J. Guiteau- didn’t receive civil service job
Pendleton Civil Service Act (1883)
Signed by President Chester Arthur
Civil Service Commission, exam
Eventually reduced power of spoils system

16. Economic Issues Gold Standard- gold as nation’s currency
Tariff question- 1888
Republicans = high
Democrats = low
Monetary Policy
Greenbacks- caused inflation during Civil War
Coinage Act of 1873
Reversed government policy of making gold and silver coins
“Crime of 1873”

17. October ??, 2016 Bell Work Objectives
During the Gilded Age, which American president had a reputation for honesty and integrity?
Analyze the problems farmers faced and the groups they formed to address them.
Assess the goals of the Populists, and explain why the Populist Party did not last.

18. Issues of the Gilded Age
Section 3: Farmers and Populism Pg

19. Farmers Face Problems Low prices and high transportation costs Debt
Crop prices plummet
Prices on supplies rise
Tenant farming
Farmers mortgage land
Big business
Railroads and banks
High prices and interest
Dishonest merchants

20. Farmers Seek Change The Granger Movement- “Patrons of Husbandry”
Oliver H. Kelley- founder, Minnesota farmer
Goals- Education on farming techniques and regulation of railroads and grain elevators
“Grange Laws”
Set max rates for shipping and storage
Interstate Commerce Commission (ICC)

21. Farmers Seek Change Farmers’ Alliance
Formed cooperatives to collectively sell crops
“sub-treasuries”- postal banks, provide low-interest loans
Fought for lower prices on supplies
Colored Farmers’ Alliance

22. Populist Party Demands Reform
Farmers’ alliance forms into the Populist Party (1892)
People’s party
Platform
Fight low prices  coinage of sliver, “free silver”
Fight high costs  government ownership of railroads
Advanced cause of women’s suffrage
Their enemy = industrial elite
Nominate- James Weaver (Iowa), & James Field (VA)

23. Populist Party Demands Reform
Populist success (1892)
Weaver won 1 million presidential votes
3 governors, 5 senators, 10 congressmen
Populist leaders in the South try to unite races
Democrats use racist tactics

24. Economic Crisis 1893- beginning of 4 year depression
Populist gain support of urban workers
Presidential election of 1896
Republicans- William McKinley
Labels opponent as a potential dictator
Democrats- William Jennings Bryan (“Cross of Gold”)
Populist endorse him
Campaigns directly with the people
McKinley wins with 51% of popular vote

25. Populism’s Legacy Populists can’t recover from endorsement of Bryan
Many voters return to the Democratic Party
Progressivism
Progressives will support graduated income tax, regulation of railroad, and flexible monetary system
Changes style of politics- relate to the people