1. Chapter 11, lesson 2
Moving West

2. Daniel Boone & Wilderness Road
1790, 1st census: official count of population, 4 million people, most lived between Appalachian Mts & Atlantic Ocean
1769 Daniel Boone, early pioneer, explored Native American trail through App Mts “Warriors Path” led to break in mts: “Cumberland Gap”
1775 got 30 foresters to cut trees and move rocks, widen path becomes “Wilderness Road”

3. Building Roadways
Private companies built turnpikes: toll roads, fees paid by travelers helped pay for roads
Ohio asked fed gov’t to build road to connect w/ east, began 1811
War of 1812 paused, 1st section open 1818

4. National Road

5. Traveling on Rivers River travel was easier than roads
Needed to ship east/west
Problems 1)most rivers flowed north/south, 2)downstream easy & upstream slow
Steam engines not enough power to go in strong currents & wind

6. Clermont’s 1st Voyage
1802 Robert Livingston hired Robert Fulton to build a powerful steamboat to sail Hudson River
1807 Fulton launched his steamboat, Clermont
Made the 150 mile trip in 32 hours
Sailboat would have taken 4 days
Comfortable, smooth ride; could sleep below deck
1850, 700 steamboats in US

7. New Waterways
Steamboats linked cities on major rivers, not east to west
DeWitt Clinton led group to link NYC w/ Great Lakes
Connect Hudson River w/ Buffalo on Lake Erie
Canal: artificial waterway

8. Erie Canal
363 miles, had a series of locks: separate compartments in which water levels rise & fall to raise and lower boats
Many workers died from cave-ins and explosions, disease in swamps
After 8+ years, opened 10/26/1825, Gov of NY Clinton sailed from Buffalo to Albany on canal, then down Hudson to NYC to Atlantic

9. Move West Continues More canals linked growing country
Added 4 states : Vermont, Tennessee, Kentucky, Ohio
: Indiana, Illinois, Mississippi, Alabama, Missouri
1800: 387,000 white settlers west of App Mts
1820: 2.4 million
Moved w/ friends & neighbors

10. Erie Canal