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The Beliefs, Traditions and
Customs of Islam
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What do the religions of Judaism, Christianity and Islam have
in common?
They are monotheistic
Abraham is the father of monotheism, his descendents
founded Islam
They developed in roughly the same geographic region
They have a moral code
They have sacred texts establishing the principles of their religion
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The revelations to Muhammad form the basis of the Islamic Religion
1. These revelations are written in the Qu’ran, the most sacred
book for Muslims. It contains the word of
God (Allah).
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There are five rules that Muslims must follow to be faithful to their God. These are called the Five Pillars of Islam.
Faith in one God (Allah)
Prayer 5 times a day facing Mecca
Fasting during Ramadan
Giving to charity (alms)
Making a pilgrimmage to Mecca once in a lifetime.
(Hajj)
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Muhammad was the founder of Islam.
Muslims are worshipers of Islam. Muslim means one who has submitted to God.
Muslims worship in a Mosque.
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Muslims believe that Jesus, Abraham and Moses were prophets
even though they were Christian and Hebrew leaders. Prophets
are people whom God has spoken to. Muslims believe
that God spoke to Jesus, Abraham and Moses but that Muhammad
was the last person that God spoke to.
Language of Islam: Arabic
Muslims do not believe in showing living things in art: they use Calligraphy
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Before Muhammad, the religion of the Bedouin tribes was
Idol worship, which was a form
of polytheism. Clans would go to the Kaa’ba in Mecca and worship idols that had been left there.
Mecca was an important religious center even before Muhammad was born.
The Kaa’ba means cubed shaped building in Arabic. Muslims believe the Kaa’ba was originally built by Abraham.
It is believed that Abraham,
the father of the Hebrews, was
also the father of Ishmael of whom Muslims are descended.
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Muhammad’s revelations were rejected in Mecca and he fled to
Medina. He and his followers later returned to Mecca and destroyed the idols at the Kaa’ba. The Kaa’ba then became the most holy site for Muslims.
The three holiest cities for Muslims are Mecca, Medina and Jerusalem.
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11. The Beliefs, Customs and Traditions of Islam
1. In what way does Abraham connect the religions of Judaism, Christianity and Islam?
2. What is the Qu’ran (also spelled Koran)?
3. What is the name of God in Arabic?
The Five Pillars of Islam are: a. b. c. d. e.
5. Who was the founder of Islam?
6. Where do Muslims worship?
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What is the Kaa’ba?
What religion was practiced before Islam?
What three cities are most important for Muslims?
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