1. CST 24 – Logic

2. uses examples, or several observations to make conclusions
INDUCTIVE REASONING
uses examples, or several observations to make conclusions
CONJECTURE
A conclusion based on inductive reasoning.

3. uses facts, definitions, rules, properties to draw conclusions.
DEDUCTIVE REASONING
uses facts, definitions, rules, properties to draw conclusions.

4. Ex 1: Answer the following questions
Ex 1: Answer the following questions. Then determine if it is inductive or deductive reasoning.
a. Find the next number in the sequence:
2, 4, 8, ... 16
inductive

5. deductive b. Name the property for each statement. given distribute
subtraction
division
deductive

6. c. The area of a square is 49 square units
c. The area of a square is 49 square units. Find the perimeter of the square. 7
P = 28
A = 49 7 7
deductive 7

7. d. Marco gets up at 6am every day. What time will he get up next Monday?
inductive

8. e. The definition of a composite number is being divisible by another number besides 1 and itself. Therefore, 12 is a composite number.
deductive

9. If _________, then ________.
CONDITIONAL STATEMENT
If _________, then ________.
HYPOTHESIS
Statement following the “if”
CONCLUSION
Statement following the “then”

10. hypothesis conclusion hypothesis conclusion
Ex 2: State the hypothesis and conclusion of the given conditional statement:
a. If you give a mouse a cookie, then he will want some milk.
hypothesis
conclusion
b. If a number is even, then it is divisible by 2.
hypothesis
conclusion

11. Assuming “If”, the “then” MUST happen
TRUE STATEMENT
Assuming “If”, the “then” MUST happen
FALSE STATEMENT
Assuming “If”, the “then” might or might not happen
COUNTEREXAMPLE
One example that proves statement false

12. Ex 2: Determine if the statement is true or false
Ex 2: Determine if the statement is true or false. If false, provide a counterexample:
a. If you drive a mustang, then it is red.
False,
black

13. Ex 2: Determine if the statement is true or false
Ex 2: Determine if the statement is true or false. If false, provide a counterexample:
b. If a number is prime, then it is only divisible by 1 and itself.
True

14. Ex 2: Determine if the statement is true or false
Ex 2: Determine if the statement is true or false. If false, provide a counterexample:
c. If you take the opposite of a number, then it is less than the original number.
False, -3