1. Race and Ethnicity

2. Race
People who share inherited physical characteristics / differences and whom others see as a distinct group

3. Ethnicity
Set of cultural characteristics that distinguish one group from another
National origin, religion, language, customs and values

4. Minority Group
Group of people who because of their physical characteristics or cultural practices are singled out and can be unequally treated
View themselves as objects of discrimination

5. Qualifications of a Minority Group
Possesses identifiable physical or cultural characteristics that differ from the dominant group
Victims of unequal treatment by dominant group
Ascribed Status
Share a strong bond and loyalty to other members
Practice endogamy—marriage within the group

6. Discrimination and Prejudice

7. Prejudice
Stereotype-oversimplified, exaggerated generalization about a group
Can lead to Racism
Belief that one’s own race or ethnic group is superior to others

8. Discrimination Individual level or societal level
Name calling to violent attacks
Two forms:
Legal discrimination
Institutionalized discrimination

9. Legal Discrimination Upheld by the law Apartheid Jim Crow laws
Women not being able to vote

10. Institutionalized Discrimination
Becomes a part of social structure
Denied access to housing, jobs because of prejudice
Poorly funded areas= lack of skills
Fewer opportunities
Cycle of Inequality

11. Sources of Discrimination and Prejudice
Learned from social norms
Scapegoating
Economic factors
Competition for scarce resources

12. Patterns of Minority Group Treatment

13. Population Transfer
Life has been made so difficult by the majority group that the minority group leaves
Voluntary or forced by law (forced removal)
Internment Camps
Native Americans to reservations

14. Segregation
Policy that physically separates a minority group from the dominant group
De jure segregation—based on laws
De facto segregation --- based on informal societal norms

15. Subjugation The maintaining of control over a group through force
Example--Slavery

16. Extermination
Intentional destruction of the entire targeted population
Genocide
Pogrom
Ethnic Cleansing

17. Cultural Pluralism
Allows each group to keep its unique cultural identity
Example-Switzerland
Three official languages
German, French and Italian

18. Assimilation
The blending of culturally distinct groups into a single group with a common culture and identity