1. AIM: What are some methods used by psychologists to study the brain?
DO NOW:
Go over p. 34 – 39 Brain Injury
What is the significance of the story of Phineas Gage? How did he contribute to our understanding of the human brain.
Homework:
Read packet pps. 42 – 47 and answer questions

2. Phineas Gage
Our knowledge of the localization of function first started with accident survivors./ wounded war veterans

3. Before Modern Imaging Technology..
Psychologists studied about the brain with…
Case Studies/ Accidents (war veterans)
Autopsy
Animal Lesion Studies

4. Lobotomy Earlier - Drill Hole in Skull
Then - Cut nerves between frontal lobes and rest of brain designed by Moniz – worked on monkeys. Reduced anger, anxiety, limited their learning
Transorbital – “ice pick like object” inserted through eye socket
Uncontrollable were controlled but left like “vegetables”.

5. Lesions Cutting into the brain and looking for change.
Brain tumors also lesion brain tissue.

6. ELECTRICAL STIMULATION Wilder Penfield – Maps out Somatosensory & Motor Cortex

7. Brain Imaging Technology
Task: Read about one of these methods and…..
What does the acronym stand for?
How it works?
What information does it provide about the brain?
TECHNOLOGY:
EEG
CAT
MRI
PET
Functional MRI
MEG

8. EEG It measures and records the electrical activity of your brain.
Shows brain waves (levels of consciousness, activity levels)
No structure or function
Special electrodes are attached to your head.
The computer records your brain's electrical activity on the screen or on paper as wavy lines.

9. ELECTRICAL STIMULATION

10. CT Scan

11. CAT X-ray beams passed through the head.
This method creates cross-sectional images of the brain.
Shows the structure of the brain, but not its function.

12. PET Scan
Scanner detects radioactive material that is injected or inhaled to produce an image of the brain.
Shows functioning of brain.

13. MRI
Detects radio frequency signals produced by displaced radio waves in a magnetic field.
Provides an anatomical view of the brain.

14. FMRI
Detects changes in blood flow to particular areas of the brain. It provides both an anatomical and a functional view of the brain.
Combines MRI & PET scan
Shows both structure & function