1. HIGH TENSIONS AND BITTER RIVALRY FOLLOWING WWII
THE COLD WAR AND THE 1950’S
HIGH TENSIONS AND BITTER RIVALRY FOLLOWING WWII

2. CAUSES OF MISTRUST BETWEEN SOVIET UNION AND THE U.S.
U.S. sends supplies to Soviet Union to defeat Hitler
U.S. & Gr. Britain would not open 2nd European front in WII
U.S. develops atomic bomb
Soviet spies get plans
Soviets develop atomic bomb

3. IRON CURTAIN
STALIN’S PLAN: Control Eastern Europe politically and economically
STALIN: Create line of Soviet “friendly” nations between Soviet Union and enemies in Western Europe
STALIN ATTAINS GOAL: Most Eastern European nations have communist governments
EASTERN EUROPE NATIONS: Controlled by Stalin & Soviet Union
CHURCHILL: Attacks Soviet Union in a speech in U.S. for creating “Iron Curtain” – creating a division in Europe
U.S. – Committed to democratic ideals

4. U.S. RESPONSE TO COMMUNISM
KENNAN- Containment –
Stop spread of Communism
Resist Soviet Expansion & Communism-Satellite Countries
Use Military
Provide economic aid
1945 Atomic Energy Act-development of nuclear weapons under private development
TRUMAN DOCTRINE
Economic & Military Aid to resist Soviet Expansion
Greece
Turkey
Soviets unsuccessful in gaining control
MARSHALL PLAN
Rebuilding of Europe after WWII
U.S. builds political support in W.Europe

5. BERLIN CRISIS Berlin divided into Four Zones of occupation
British, French, U.S. – Western Area-Democratic
Soviet – Eastern Area – Communist control
Capital – divided into 4 zones
Soviet Block – East Berlin cut off from all supplies
West – BERLIN AIR LIFT – Soviets lift blockade

6. FIGHTING THE COLD WAR U.S. & SOVIET THREATS:
Military Build up
New Technology
Global Influence
Use Propaganda – create hatred and paranoia
Send economic aid to weaker nations
Support allied nations in conflicts
NATO: Western –attack against one –all defend
WARSAW PACT – USSR & communist Nations in Easter Europe
NUCLEAR ANXIETY
Sputnik-Soviets have technology superior to U.S.
Dulles-Use of more nuclear weapons-Brinkmanship

7. LEADERS AFTER WII
SOUTH KOREA - RHEE
SOVIET UNION STALIN
MAO ZEDONG

8. RED SCARE HAUC – Investigates radical groups in U.S. Hollywood Ten
Communists
Fascists
Influence in film industry
Hollywood Ten
Rosenbergs – Soviet Spies
McCarthyism – Communists in State Dept.

9. KOREAN WAR North Korea crosses 38th parallel Invades South Korea
Pres. Truman defends South Korea
Sends in troops under General MacArthur
Many killed on both sides
North Korea lost very small amount of territory

10. PRESIDENT KENNEDY The New Frontier – Spirit of Hope and Change
Space Race
Flexible Response-avoidance of nuclear weapons
Bay of Pigs Invasion – Inherits from Eisenhower
Khrushchev builds Berlin Wall
Cuban Missile Crisis – Kennedy & Khrushchev have world on brink of nuclear war
Kennedy & Khrushchev ease tensions
Kennedy Assassinated
Warren Commission-No conspiracy in assassination
LYNDON JOHSON – Great Society

11. PRESIDENT JOHNSON The Great Society
War on Poverty-Economic Opportunity Act
Job Corps
Medicaid – Free Health Care for the poor
Medicare – health care for those over 65
Johnson Doctrine – Foreign Policy in fighting communism in other nations