1. NEW INTERNATIONAL TRADE PATTERNS
Human capital, labour markets and technology
The race between technology and skills
Prof PDF Strydom
Extra-ordinary professor: School of Economics and TRADE research entity

2. 1. INTERNATIONAL TRADE New Technologies Slashing Costs ICT
Electronic networks
Cloud technology
3-D printing
ioT
M2M
Slicing up production VC
Offshoring
GVCs and value added trade
Services
Trade in tasks

3. 2. NEW MODES OF PRODUCTION CAPITAL-INTENSIVE
Jobs that cannot be codified
Jobs that can be codified
Complementary effects
Creating employment
New products
New methods / machines
Substitution effects
Destroy jobs
Machine driven production

4. 3. LABOUR MARKET POLARIZATION
High-skill
Middle-skill
Low-skill
Non-codifiable
Codifiable jobs
Coding is difficult
Excess demand for
Excess supply of
Personal features
Create employment
Destroy jobs
Stable employment

5. 4. SOUTH AFRICAN APPLICATION 1:
EDUCATION OUTCOMES

6. 5. SOUTH AFRICAN APPLICATION 2: NEW TECHNOLOGIES

7. 6. INCOME DISTRIBUTION PATTERNS
Unequal Distribution
Battle between labour and capital
Race between technology and skills
Technology racing faster than skills

8. 7. THE OPEN ECONOMY
Importance of multinationals as managers of GVCs
Secure the presence of the conditions favorable to new trading patterns
Importance of a policy package
Negotiation with MNCs (guidelines by international institutions)
Enter a GVC
Upgrade to higher value added segments of the GVC

9. Thank you