1. Costs Incurred in Employing Pollen Vectors
Advertising
Rewards
Flower color
Flower shape
Fragrance
Fragrance
Nectar
Pollen
Bottom line: Pollinators benefit from the incentives provided; not from the services they give to plants  There are some cheaters!
Bottom line: Pollinators benefit from the incentives provided; not from the services they give to plants

2. Movement of Pollen by an Animal Vector
Only measures first visit

3. Outcrossing Increases
Evidence for Costs Incurred in Outcrossing
Outcrossing Increases

4. Key Stages in the Life-History of a Plant
Seed Maturation
Growth
Dispersal
Flowering
seed phase
Dormancy
Pollination
Germination

5. Ecology of Dispersal

6. Dispersal by Gravity

7. Wind Dispersal
Pappus
Wings

8. Effects of Specialized Dispersal Structures
Not Plumed
Plumed

9. Experimental Studies of Wind Dispersal Mechanisms

10. Self Propulsion
Hygroscopic Awns
Dry
Wet

11. Explosive Seed Release
Self Propulsion
Explosive Seed Release
(up to 15 m at 100 km/hr)
Mistletoe

12. Hitch-hikers

13. Dispersal by Frugivores

14. Disperse How Far? Near Parent Far From Parent Advantages Advantages
No competition with parent
Parent habitat was good
Weak sib competition
Disadvantages
Escape from potentially deteriorating habitat
Direct competition with parent
Strong sib competition
Potential colonization of new area
Habitat may deteriorate
Potentially less disease burden
Random disaster may strike
Seedlings harder to find by predators
Disease burden may increase
Seedlings easily found by predators
Disadvantages
Parent habitat was good

15. Janzen-Connell Hypothesis
Seed distribution
Probability of escaping predation
Surviving plants

16. Seed Survivorship in a Tropical Tree: Cecropia peltata
Seed distribution
Probability of surviving
Surviving plants
Fleming and Williams Journal of Tropical Ecology 6:

17. Seed Dormancy: Dispersal in Time
Ambrosia artemisifolia: a summer annual

18. Seed Dormancy: Dispersal in Time
Patterns of dormancy as a function of local environment

19. Seed Dormancy: Dispersal in Time
(1) A mechanism for timing germination when conditions are favorable for seedling survival
(2) A tactic for dealing with environmental uncertainty

20. The Ecology of Seed Banks

23. Serotinous cones: an above ground seed bank