1. Where Is Agriculture Distributed?
Chapter 10 key issue 3
Where Is Agriculture Distributed?

2. Today, we are going to examine the characteristics of these regions.
DERWENT WHITTLESEY identified eleven agricultural regions in the world.
Today, we are going to examine the characteristics of these regions.

3. Well… really there’s 12. The last region encompasses places too inhospitable to support ANY significant agriculture.
Tundra

4. 6 are prevalent in developed countries
5 of these regions are prevalent in developing countries
6 are prevalent in developed countries

5. Whittlesey’s Agricultural Regions

6. Whittlesey’s agricultural regions align almost perfectly with Koppen’s climate map.

7. Whittlesey’s agricultural regions
World Climate Map
FIGURE AGRICULTURE AND CLIMATE REGIONS (right) The major agricultural practices of the world can be divided into those that are prevalent in developing countries and those that are prevalent in developed countries (upper right). Climate plays a large role in the practice of agriculture. Figure 1-40 is a more detailed version of the climate map shown here.

8. AGRICULTURAL REGIONS
in the DEVELOPED WORLD

9. AGRIBUSINESS
In commerical farming, the family farm is not an isolated activity- it is integrated into a larger food-production industry.

10. AGRIBUSINESS

11. MIXED CROP AND LIVESTOCK
Commercial farming involving the integration of both crops and livestock.

12. MIXED CROP AND LIVESTOCK
Most crops are fed to ANIMALS rather than being consumed by humans. Though most land is used for crops, most profits are derived from animals.

13. MIXED CROP AND LIVESTOCK
CORN is the most important crop on these farms, as it produces high yields of nutritious animal feed.

14. MIXED CROP AND LIVESTOCK NO fallow periods- REST CROPS renew soil
Typically involves CROP ROTATION – The cycling of grown crops to facilitate soil regeneration.
NO fallow periods- REST CROPS renew soil

15. MIXED CROP AND LIVESTOCK
Once grown, many animals are moved to FEEDLOTS, where huge amounts of animals are fattened up for slaughter.

16. Feedlots are known for releasing huge amounts of pollution from animal waste and flatulence.

17. DAIRY FARMING
Raising milk-producing animals in order to sell dairy goods on the market, from fresh milk to ‘products’ like cheese.

18. DAIRY FARMING
Dairies are usually located near population centers in an area called the MILKSHED, because products are so perishable.
Today, the average milkshed for a large dairy is a radius of about 300 miles.

19. FIGURE MILK PRODUCTION India has replaced the United States as the world’s leading milk producer.
Today, commercial dairying is globally diffused. INDIA is the world’s largest milk producer.

20. GRAIN FARMING
The growing of grain crops for sale on the market or to be refined into products.

21. GRAIN FARMING
WHEAT is the most important cereal crop. It can be held stable for a long time (silos), is affordable, and can withstand harsh shipping conditions.

22. Grain farming is highly mechanized.
Revolutionized by the REAPER in the 1830s, today COMBINES blend reaping, threshing, and cleaning in a single operation.

23. GRAIN FARMING
Today, both China (#1) and India (#2) produce more wheat than the USA -though both do so with far less mechanization.

24. MEDITERRANEAN AGRICULTURE
Growing of certain crops in climate/geographic regions resembling the Mediterranean coast

25. MEDITERRANEAN AGRICULTURE
Located ALONG COASTLINES on the WESTERN EDGES of continents

26. HORTICULTURE – the growing of fruits, vegetables, or flowers for sale or consumption

27. OLIVES and AVOCADOS are an important crops, as are GRAPES for wine.
MEDITERRANEAN AGRICULTURE
OLIVES and AVOCADOS are an important crops, as are GRAPES for wine.

28. COMMERCIAL GARDENING
The growing of highly profitable, in-demand, and perishable crops for sale on the wider market.

29. COMMERCIAL GARDENING
Also called ‘truck farming;’ once dependent on local markets, produce is now distributed to faraway markets by modern transportation.
Refrigerated truck

30. COMMERCIAL GARDENING
Labor-intensive- Relies heavily on CHEAP MIGRANT LABOR to save on labor costs.

31. The commercial grazing of livestock over an extensive
RANCHING
The commercial grazing of livestock over an extensive
area.

32. RANCHING
Well-suited for semiarid/arid land in areas where vegetation is too sparse and soil too poor to support crops

33. RANCHING
Historically, ranchers moved cattle from ranges to cities where they would fetch far higher prices- 10x higher or better.

34. RANCHING
Cattle moved in CATTLE DRIVES. The famous CHRISHOLM TRAIL brought Texas cattle to national market via ABILENE, KS

35. RANCHING
Part of the larger system of food production providing meat to the national market.

36. Ranching is common in the US West, South America, Australia, and Central Asia.
CATTLE
SHEEP
FIGURE MEAT PRODUCTION China is now the world’s largest meat producer.