1. Wide Area Augmentation System (WAAS)
Presentation GNSS 2.2
Hank Cabler, FAA
Co-Chairman,
Satellite Operational Implementation Team (SOIT)

2. SIS Available for Non-Safety Uses Since August 2000
WAAS Architecture
All Elements in Place
SIS Available for Non-Safety Uses Since August 2000
Ionospheric
Interference
Downlinks
Broadcast Frequency
L MHz
Terrestrial
Communication
Network
WAAS Master Stations (2)
Satellites (2)
WAAS Reference
Stations (25)
Ground Earth Stations (3)

3. WAAS Status Jan 97: Two INMARSAT Geostationary Satellites Leased
FAA Lease Is For Communications Transponder on Commercial Satellite
AOR-W (Covers Eastern CONUS to Rocky Mountain Area)
POR (Covers Western CONUS, Alaska, Hawaii)
Hardware & Communications Installation Completed and Tested
25 WAAS Reference Stations (WRS)
2 WAAS Master Stations (WMS)
2 INMARSAT Satellites
4 GEO Uplink Systems (GUS)
Terrestrial Communications Network
Software Development, Integration and Testing Completed
Meets or Exceeds Accuracy and Availability Requirements
Jun 98:
Nov 99:

4. WAAS Status INMARSAT-3 Coverage Area
Single Dual
Pacific Ocean Region
Atlantic Ocean Region
POR (180º W) AOR-West (54º W)

5. WAAS Status Key Communication Satellite Auburn (ZSE) Brewster GES
Billings
(BIL)
GPS Satellite
Farmington
(ZMP)
Nashua (ZBW)
Oberlin
(ZOB)
Salt Lake City
(ZLC)
Aurora
(ZAU)
Ronkonkoma (ZNY)
Clarksburg GES
Longmont
(ZDV)
Fremont
(ZOA)
Leesburg
(ZDC)
Olathe
(ZKC)
Santa Paula
GES (2)
Memphis
(ZME)
Palmdale
(ZLA)
Albuquerque
(ZAB)
Key
Fort Worth
(ZFW)
Hampton
(ZTL)
Phase 1 WRS
Phase 1 WMS/WRS
Phase 1 GES
WMS= Wide-area Master Station
WRS= Wide-area Reference Station
GES= Ground Earth Station
Anchorage
(ZAN)
Jacksonville (ZJX)
Houston
(ZHU)
Juneau
(JNU)
Cold Bay
(CDB)
Miami
(ZMA)
San Juan
(ZSU)
Honolulu
(HNL)

6. WAAS Status Dec 99: FAA Determined WAAS Did Not Meet 10-7 Requirement
In-Sufficient Analytical Proof
Integrity Verification Prevents IFR Aviation Use
Integrity Requirement Only Affects IFR Aviation Users
FAA Forms WAAS Integrity/Performance Panel (WIPP)
Redesign Integrity Monitors And Revise System Safety Analysis To Insure Certification Approval
FAA Announcement that WAAS Signal-In-Space (SIS) Is Available To Public For Non-Safety Applications
WAAS Operating 24/7 For Non-IFR Aviation and Other Users
Demonstrated Performance Better Than Specification
Since Aug 00, SIS Available 99.99%
Nominal Accuracy: 1 Meter Horizontal, 2 Meters Vertical
Jan 00:
Aug 00:

7. Current WAAS Use Agricultural Marine Outdoors Surveying
World Trade Center

8. WAAS Development Initial IFR
Plan Is To Complete Development Of Integrity Monitors and Complete System Testing For Acceptance By FAA In CY 03
Goal is Acceptance Of System From Prime Contractor (Raytheon) In Mar 03 And
FAA Commissioning Of System By Dec 03
FAA Also Making Changes To Optimize System Maintainability By Airways Facilities
Changes Will Not Impact Schedule For Contractor Acceptance
Human Factors Changes
Training Tools
Progress on Integrity Monitors Ahead of Schedule
8 Software Monitors Being Revised
All Operating on Signal-In-Space

9. WAAS Development Initial IFR
Completion Of Integrity Monitor Integration Is Schedule Driver
Initial Delivery Will Provide Service For All Phases Of Flight Down To LNAV/VNAV Approach Capability
Will Provide IFR Service With Very Good Availability To Large Portions Of U.S. National Airspace System
Over More Than 90% Of CONUS
Portions Of Alaska And Caribbean

10. J F M A M J J A S O N D J F M A M J J A S O N D
LNAV/VNAV Schedule
2002
2003
Item
J F M A M J J A S O N D J F M A M J J A S O N D
Final Integrity Monitor SIS Integration
Fault Tree Analysis
Human Factors Implementation Complete
HMI Analysis
Perform Safety Hazard Analysis
60 Day Stability Test
System Safety Architecture Description
Hardware/Software FCA/PCA
CAI
Commissioning
3/02
4/02
5/02
6/02
9/02
12/02
1/03
2/03
3/03
12/03
Planned Completion
rev6

11. Snapshot of WAAS Coverage After GIVE Monitor, 2/14/02

12. WAAS Development Strategy
WAAS Is Using An Incremental Strategy To Provide Improvements To Users Before And After Initial Delivery
Before Commissioning
Develop Procedures (LNAV/VNAV) For Use By WAAS And Other NAS Users
WAAS Signal-In-Space For VFR And Other Non-Safety Users
Permit Use Of WAAS Avionics For IFR Use Prior To System Commissioning (En Route – Non-Precision Approach)
At Or Shortly After Commissioning
Begin publication of LPV minimums
LNAV/VNAV Nominal Minimums – 350/1½
LPV Nominal Minimums – 250/ ¾

13. WAAS Incremental Capability
2002
2003
Item
J F M A M J J A S O N D J F M A M J J A S O N D
WAAS SIS (VFR)
TSO-146 (IFR) (ENR-NPA)
Contractor Acceptance
IOC (IFR, LNAV/VNAV)
LPV
8/00
5/02
3/03
12/03
12/03
Planned Completion

14. WAAS Development Strategy
Next Step Will Be To Expand Service Area And Improve Availability
Additional Reference Stations
CONUS Coverage Requires ~ 5 To 10 More
Alaska Coverage Requires ~ 3 To 5 More
Additional Master Station (1)
Additional GEO Satellite
Congress Appropriated $5M In FY 02 Budget For Additional GEO
Activity Underway To Acquire GEO Satellite
Team Working With Department Of Transportation and Department Of Defense To Insure GPS Modernization Activities Enhance Civil Aviation Capabilities And Improves WAAS Performance

15. GEO Acquisition Strategy
Near Term:
Provide A GEO Satellite On Orbit ASAP
Mitigate Single Thread Failure of Existing INMARSAT-3 Constellation
Improve Availability (Performance) And Coverage (Capability) Of Signal-In-Space To Users By Having More Optimized Orbital Locations
Incorporate L5 Signal Capability for Increased Performance and Interference Mitigation
Goal Is Satellite On Orbit By FY 04 To FY 05 Time Frame
Long Term:
Provide Additional Replacement GEO Satellites On Orbit Prior to Expiration of Existing INMARSAT-3 Lease (End Of FY06)
Aggressively Pursuing both Near and Long Term Solutions

16. GEO Acquisition Status
FAA Aggressively Pursued Canadian ANIK F3 Satellite Opportunity
Ideal Location (118.7W) for Improved WAAS Performance and Coverage
On-Orbit Operations Planned for FY 2004
Existing Contract Vehicle in Place and Ready to Execute
However, Recent Uncertainties / Risks Developed in ANIK F3 Program
Business Case Uncertainty Due To Corporate Acquisition and
Events of 9/11 Coupled with Satellite Insurance Increases
Result In Potential Satellite Schedule Slip up to 13 Months
FAA Pursuing Contingency Plans to Include Potential Competitive Contract Award for Near-Term GEO in FY02

17. Current INMARSAT Plus 3rd GEO in Ideal Location (1190-1290W)
Pacific Ocean Region
180ºW
Atlantic Ocean Region
54ºW
Optimal
3rd
GEO
Dual Triple

18. Conclusions
WAAS Is Being Developed Using An Incremental Strategy To Provide Benefits As They Become Available
WAAS Hardware Is Fielded And Software Development Completed To Provide A Signal-In-Space
System Is Broadcasting 24/7 And Is Providing A Robust And Reliable Signal-In-Space To A Variety Of Users
Software Integrity Monitors And Safety Analyses Are Being Revised To Insure System Certification For IFR Use
WAAS Prime Contract Development Is Ahead Of Schedule
Contractor Acceptance Is Expected In Second Quarter Of FY 03
Commissioning Expected By Dec 03
Activities Underway To Finalize Alaska Architecture
GEO Satellite Acquisition Activities Underway