1. International Society for Industrial Ecology University of Surrey
10/07/2015
How much for your shirt? Simon Mair, Angela Druckman, Tim Jackson Contact: Centre for Environmental Strategy, University of Surrey 1

2. 110 Mt CO2: 30 Billion: Hours Western European
textiles & clothing
carbon footprint
30 Billion: Hours
worked to produce textiles & clothing goods for Western
Europe

3. Europe and BRIC in the European clothing supply chain.
Wage inequity
between Western
Europe and BRIC in the European clothing supply chain.

4. Could fairer wages make Western European textiles & clothing consumption more sustainable?

5. Methods For each of Brazil, Russia, India, China (BRIC) in 2005:
Estimate per capita living labour compensation
Scale to 35 WIOD sectors
Using a multi-regional input-output model estimate the additional cost of paying BRIC workers a living wage in the Western European textiles and clothing supply chain in 2005
Hours Worked in 35 sectors (WIOD)
Food Prices (ILOStat)
Dietary Preferences (FAOStat)
Engel Coefficients (Anker 2005)

6. Methods Scenario analysis
Estimate new final demand vectors for Western European countries, based on potential consumer reactions to higher prices.
Multiplier investigation of employment and carbon impacts of changes in income in BRIC countries.
Hours Worked in 35 sectors (WIOD)
Food Prices (ILOStat)
Dietary Preferences (FAOStat)
Engel Coefficients (Anker 2005)

7. How much for your shirt? (about 7%)

8. “Better rather than more”
Scenario 1: Western European consumers maintain their 2005 nominal spend on Textiles and Clothing goods but purchase fewer of them.
“Better rather than more”

9. Reduced Demand in Western Europe
Reduced Inputs in BRIC
Reduced Outputs in BRIC
Increased Wages in BRIC
Re-spending this money in BRIC will create demand
Increased demand means increased outputs.

10. Employment Effects in BRIC

11. Employment Effects in BRIC

12. Employment Effects in BRIC

13. Employment Effects in BRIC

14. Carbon Effects in BRIC

15. Carbon Effects in BRIC

16. Carbon Effects in BRIC

17. Carbon Effects in BRIC

18. Carbon and Employment Effects in BRIC

19. Conclusions
Large increase in BRIC wages has low relative cost to final consumer
Effects of better rather than more In textiles and clothing are uncertain:
Respending could substantially reduce disemployment effect but increase carbon emissions
Target other sectors as priorities?
Textiles and clothing is high employment + low carbon (relatively).

20. International Society for Industrial Ecology University of Surrey
10/07/2015
How much for your shirt? Simon Mair, Angela Druckman, Tim Jackson Contact: Centre for Environmental Strategy, University of Surrey 20

21. 2005 Per Capita Living Labour Compensation