1. Buddhism Buddhism began in the 4th Century B.C.E.
It is a philosophy that began as a movement to reform Hinduism and eliminate the caste system.

2. Founder: Siddhartha Gautama,
Also known as Buddha = “enlightened one”

3. Beliefs No gods No formal rituals/Priests No castes/Everyone is EQUAL
Reincarnation
Four Noble Truths
Tripitaka: “Three Baskets of Wisdom” is a written collection of Buddha’s teachings.

4. Practices Meditation:
Yoga, mandala, chants, and rock gardens - free the mind of thoughts
Eight Fold Path
Non-violence
Vegetarians
Not materialistic
Buddhist Monks live/study in monasteries

5. Four Noble Truths In all life there is suffering, pain, & sorrow.
The cause of suffering is the attachment to desire.
The only cure for suffering is to eliminate the attachment desire.
The only way to end desire is to follow the Eightfold Path.
The eight-spoked wheel represents the eight paths to Enlightenment.

6. “The Little Wave” See cartoon. Read as class
Answer questions 1 & 2 on your own
3. How are humans like the little wave?

7. Eightfold Path The guide to right behavior:
- Know that suffering is caused by desire.
Be selfless and love all life.
Do not lie, or speak without cause.
Do not kill, steal, or commit other unrighteous acts.
Do not do things which promote evil.
Take effort to promote righteousness.
Be aware of your physical actions, state of mind, and emotions.
Learn to meditate.
(Each spoke on the wheel of life symbolizes on of the teachings of the eight fold path)

8. Eightfold Path: Right conduct stresses compassion, love for all creatures, charity, kindness, tolerance, truthfulness, meditation, wisdom and nonviolence.
Middle Way: A way of life that avoids the extremes of over-indulgence and complete self-denial.

9. Ultimate Goals of Buddhism
The state of intellectual, spiritual perfection is enlightenment.
Nirvana: ends the cycle of rebirth, your soul joins with the universe. (full acceptance of imperfection, impermanence, & interconnectedness)

10. Stupa: stone monument

11. Sects: branches of a religion/belief system of Buddhism
Theravada – South East Asia; Only monks could meditate.
Mahayana – China, Japan, Korea; All can meditate
Zen – Japan;
Tibetan – Tibet; Focus on helping others achieve enlightenment

12. Dalai Lama – spiritual leader of Tibet (Buddhist)
led a world wide movement to gain Tibetan rights.
Tibet: A region of Western China that wants independence

13. Buddhas of Bamiyan
were 4th- and 5th-century statues carved from the sandstone cliffs. They were destroyed in March 2001 by the Taliban.
Drawing 1832 by Alexander Burnes

14. 2017 Holograph projection

15. Compare & contrast by listing the beliefs & practices of Hinduism & Buddhism
Similarities
Hinduism
Buddhism

16. Ahimsa = (Non-violence)
Compare & contrast by listing the beliefs & practices of Hinduism & Buddhism
Similarities
Hinduism
Buddhism
No caste/Equality
No Gods
4 Noble Truths
8 Fold Path
Goal: Enlightenment & Nirvana
Stupa
(Monks-monasteries)
Middle Way
Meditation
Tripitaka (Three Baskets of Wisdom)
Founder: Buddha/Siddhartha Gautama
Caste system (Each person had rules & rights)
Polytheistic
Dharma
Goal: Moksha
Priests & Prayer
Temples
Purification bathe in Ganges
Vedas
No founder: it evolved from Aryans
INDIA
Reincarnation
Karma
Ahimsa = (Non-violence)
Vegetarianism
End to cycle of rebirth
Religion
Philosophy