1. Burns Acknowledgements
Where illustrations have been sourced from the internet, the licencing arrangement under which they have been reproduced is shown in parentheses.
VA Picture Author
2,11 2nd deg burn US Army (public domain)
3 copper kettle Erich Ferdinand (Attribution 2.0)
3 hazard (public domain)
4 hand R Scarsbrook
5 burn class K. Aainsqatsi (Attribution-Share Alike 3.0 Unported)
6 electrical burn NIOSH (Attribution 2.0 Generic)
5,6 4th deg burns Goga312 (GNU Free Documentation License)
5,7 sunburn Ron Evans
5,8 serious 2nd deg anon (public domain (wikimedia))
9 hazard (public domain)
10 lonambu gwire (Attribution 2.0)
Burns

2. Contents
Classification
Signs and symptoms
Treatment

3. Types and causes Dry burns Scalds Chemical flame hot surface friction
electricity
radiation
Scalds
hot liquid
Chemical

4. Area Bigger area = more severe Palm of casualty’s hand = 1%
Wallace’s rule of 9s
head
arm
chest
upper back
abdomen
lower back
thigh
lower leg
9%x2 9%

5. Burn depth, signs & symptoms
Skin structure
epidermis - waterproof
dermis - blood vessels, nerves, muscles
subcutaneous tissue
Burn classification
superficial
red/swollen/painful
partial thickness
exposed to infection
blisters
full thickness
pale/waxy/possibly charred
serious

6. Electrical burns Possible features superficial surface injury
extensive damage to lower layers
cardiac arrest
electric shock risk for first aider

7. Treatment – superficial burns
Reassure casualty
Cool affected area
gently flowing cold water
up to 20 minutes
Remove constrictions
Cover
DO NOT
break blisters
apply lotions, ointments etc
use adhesive dressings

8. Partial/full thickness
Lay casualty down
Cool affected area
Remove constrictions, wet clothing
Cover burned limbs
Treat for shock (and give O2)
conscious – give sips of water
unconscious – recovery position
Evacuate to medical attention
DO NOT
break blisters
apply lotions, ointments etc
use adhesive dressings
remove dry clothing

9. Chemical burns Flood with water Remove contaminated clothing
20 minutes minimum
keep water away from healthy tissue
Remove contaminated clothing
gently
avoid self/area contamination
protection
Continue as for partial and full thickness burns
Evacuate to medical attention

10. Hospital treatment if burn is.......
Full thickness
To face, hands, feet, genitals
Right around a limb
Partial thickness > 1%
Superficial > 5%
Mixed pattern of thickness
Chemical

11. Summary Classification Signs & symptoms First aid
Needing hospital treatment