1. The Principal Parts of Verbs!
W.C. Ch. 21

2. Reviewing Verbs Action: show _________
Linking: __________ the subject to the rest of the sentence
Helping: work with another ______ to create a _____ _______.

3. Verb Tense…
Verbs have different forms to signal the time that something is referring to
I walked to school yesterday.
He walks to school every day.
Tomorrow he will walk to school.
Tense = Time
In order to form the correct tenses, you first need to know the 4 main parts of verbs…

4. Principal Parts of Verbs
Verbs have 4 main parts
Infinitive Form
Present
Past
Past Participle
Present Participle
To walk
walk(s)
walked
has/have/had walked
is/am/are/was/were walking
To laugh
laugh(s)
laughed
has/have/had laughed
is/am/are/was/were laughing

5. The Principal Parts of Verbs
The Principal Parts of Regular Verbs
Infinitive: to + verb (not an action, but refers to the idea)
to save: Superman wanted to save Lois.
Present: most basic form of the verb
save: Superman saves many people.
Present Participle: form of the verb “to be” + verb with -ing
am/is/are/was/were saving: Superman is saving Lois.
Past: verb with –ed ending
saved: Superman saved Lois.
Past Participle: form of the verb “to have” + verb with –ed
Have/has/had saved: Superman has saved Lois MANY times.

6. Practice!
I ____ ________ for the test after school. (present participle of to study)
They ________ out loud. (past of to laugh)
I ____ _______ of the “Gettysburg Address” even though I haven’t read it. (past participle of to hear)
She _________ whenever there is music. (present of to sing)
They ____ _________ to receive their tests today. (present participle of to expect)

7. The Principal Parts of Irregular Verbs
Some verbs do not follow the same pattern… These are words that you either need to memorize or look up.

8. The Principal Parts of Irregular Verbs
More Irregulars…

9. Using Irregular Verbs To Run Present: run
Present Participle: am running
Past: ran (not runned)
Past Participle: have run (not have runned)
To Write
Present: write
Present Participle: am writing
Past: wrote
Past Participle: have written

10. Practice: Irregular Principal Parts
To Sing
Present: ____
Present Participle: __ _______
Past: ____ (not ______)
Past Participle: _____ _____ (not ____ _____)
To Go
Present: ____
Present Participle: __ _______
Past: ____ (not ______)
Past Participle: _____ _____ (not ____ _____)

11. Summarize

12. Verb Tenses
W.C. Ch. 21

13. Verb Tenses The Verb Tenses: Past: I walked…
The tense shows the time of action or state of being.
Use the principal parts of verbs to form the six basic tenses.
The Verb Tenses:
Past: I walked…
Present Progressive: I am walking…
Present: I walk…
Past Progressive: I was walking…
Future: I will walk…
Past Perfect: I had walked…
Future Progressive: I will be walking…
Present Perfect: I have walked…
COMBO: ____ perfect progressive: I had been walking…have been walking…will have been walking…
Future Perfect: I will have walked…

14. Basic Verb Tenses Uses helping verb will
Past: Indicates action that happened in the past
Principal part: past
Uses no helping verbs
Example: I ate pizza last night.
Present: Indicates action that happens over and over
Principal part: present
Example: I eat pizza often.
Future: Indicates action that will happen in the future
Uses helping verb will
Example: I will eat pizza tonight.

15. To Have:
Past: Had
Present: Have/Has
Future: Will have/has

16. Perfect Verb Tenses: An action has been completed
Past Perfect: Indicates action completed in the past
Principal part: past participle
Uses helping verb had
Example: I had eaten pizza before you called.

17. Perfect Verb Tenses: An action has been completed
Present Perfect: Indicates action completed often
Principal part: past participle
Uses helping verbs have or has
Example: I have eaten pizza many times.

18. Perfect Verb Tenses: An action has been completed
Future Perfect: Indicates action that will be completed in the future
Principal part: past participle
Uses helping verbs will and have
Example: I will have eaten pizza many times by the end of the year.

19. Practice: Find the Verb and Tense
I went to the store after school.
She has already written the essay for English.
Thankfully the students had finished the test before the fire drill.
My mom makes me lunch and drives me to school.
I will have completed my homework by the time I go to dance practice.
The students will attend the sports assembly tomorrow.

20. Forms of Be:
Past: was, were
Present: am, is, are
Future: will be

21. Progressive Verb Forms: An action in progress
Past Progressive: Indicates action that was in the process of being completed in the past
Principal part: present participle
Uses helping verb was or were
Example: I was eating pizza when you called.

22. Progressive Verb Forms: An action in progress
Present Progressive: Indicates action in process of being completed
Principal part: present participle
Uses helping verbs am, is, are
Example: I am eating pizza.

23. Progressive Verb Forms: An action in progress
Future Progressive: Indicates action that will be in process in the future
Principal part: present participle
Uses helping verbs will and be
Example: I will be eating pizza for dinner tonight.

24. Practice: Find the Verb and Tense
She is driving me to school tomorrow.
I will be attending the football game after school.
She has eaten lunch already.
The students are at lunch right now.
At the assembly, everyone stood for the national anthem.
They were winning the game until half-time.

25. Verb Tenses
The Progressive Perfect Forms: indicate completion of an ongoing action.
Past Perfect Progressive: Indicates action was in process, but now is completed.
Principal part: present participle
Uses helping verb had and been
Example: I had been eating pizza, but I stopped.
Present Perfect Progressive: Indicates action often in the process of being completed.
Uses helping verbs have and been
Example: I have been eating pizza since I was little.

26. Verb Tenses
Future Perfect Progressive: Indicates action that has been completed before but will be in progress in the future.
Principal part: present participle
Uses helping verbs: will, have, and been
Example: On my next birthday, I will have been eating pizza for eleven years.

27. Verb Tense Practice: Find the Verb and Tense
The students are working diligently on their research project.
She has already completed the assignment.
The teacher worked hard to create the project.
She cares very much about her students progress.
There will be some amazing projects turned in.
By next week, the teacher will have graded a lot of essays, but she will have valued every student’s hard work as well.

28. Practice: Developing your own ideas!
Step 1: Choose one of the following words: talk, dance, live, smile
Step 2: Using your chosen verb, compose 1 sentence for each of the following:
Past tense verb
Present perfect
Past perfect
Present progressive
Past perfect progressive

29. Verb Tenses Now, why did we just learn all of this?
In your writing, you need to keep your tenses consistent.
If you write in past tense, stay in the past.
Choose the best tense for the situation (past, present, or future) and be consistent throughout the entire piece.

30. Summarize

31. Works Cited
"The Principal Parts of Verbs, Irregular Verbs, and Verb Tenses." N.p., n.d. Web. 01 Nov

32. Passive Vs. Active and Troublesome Verbs

33. Passive vs. Active Voice
Active: the subject is the DOER of the action
The Chinese invented paper.
Passive: the subject is the receiver of the action
Paper was invented by the Chinese.
It is formed with a form of BE plus the PAST PARTICIPLE

34. Active or Passive? The students took the test yesterday.
Yesterday, the test was taken by the students.
Have all the problems from the homework been completed by you?
Have you completed all the problems from the homework?

35. Practice: Write a sentence in the active voice
Flip that sentence to passive voice

36. Two Troublesome Irregular Verbs
To Lay
Present: lay
Present Participle: am laying
Past: laid
Past Participle: have laid
Use to mean “to put something down” or “to place (something)”
Almost always followed by a direct object
The sailors laid their uniforms on the bed.
To Lie
Present: lie
Present Participle: am lying
Past: lay
Past Participle: have lain
Use to mean “to rest in a reclining position” or “to be situated”
Never followed by a direct object
The sailors lay down on the narrow bunk.

37. Two Troublesome Irregular Verbs
To Set
Present: set
Present Participle: am setting
Past: set
Past Participle: have set
Use to mean “to put something in a certain place or position
Usually followed by a direct object.
He set the glasses gingerly in the sink.
To Sit
Present: sit
Present Participle: am sitting
Past: sat
Past Participle: have sat
Use to mean “to be seated” or “to rest”
Usually not followed by a direct object.
We sat on the floor.

38. Summarize